Cardiovascular System

The pointed, inferior portion of the heart, known as the ________, rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip.

• A) base

• B) mediastinum

• C) apex

• D) pericardium

What is the muscular layer of the heart wall?

• A) epicardium

• B) myocardium

• C) fibrous pericardium

• D) endocardium

The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the ________, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the ________.

• A) ventricles; atria

• B) atria; ventricles

• C) arteries; veins

• D) veins; arteries

Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

• A) pulmonary semilunar valve

• B) tricuspid valve

• C) bicuspid (mitral) valve

• D) aortic semilunar valve

Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________.

• A) pulmonary trunk

• B) aorta

• C) superior vena cava

• D) coronary sinus

The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as ________ circulation.

• A) systemic

• B) cardiac

• C) pulmonary

• D) coronary

What are the tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles?

• A) chordae tendineae

• B) ligamentum arteriosum

• C) ductus venosus

• D) myocardium

The walls of the ________ are substantially thicker because that chamber acts as the more powerful systemic pump of the heart.

• A) left atrium

• B) left ventricle

• C) right atrium

• D) right ventricle

Which of the following is often called the pacemaker of the heart?

• A) Purkinje fibers

• B) sinoatrial (SA) node

• C) atrioventricular (AV) bundle (bundle of His)

• D) atrioventricular (AV) node

The length of the cardiac cycle is normally ________ second(s) in length.

• A) 2

• B) 4

• C) 0.8

• D) 0.3