Quiz about Ch 03: Rocks

Question 1

During a field trip, you found a naturally occurring, solid mass that has undergone the rock cycle. What could this be?

Accepted Answer

a rock

Answer

a mineral

Answer

lava

Answer

a fossil

Question 2

During a field trip, you found four samples. According to the rock cycle, which of the following is NOT considered to be a rock?

Accepted Answer

lava

Answer

coal

Answer

sandstone

Answer

pumice

Question 3

During a field trip, students observed the rock cycle and noticed that rocks are classified by...

Accepted Answer

...how they formed.

Answer

...their color.

Answer

...their grain size.

Answer

...their chemical composition.

Question 4

A sculptor is working with a piece of granite. If the granite is subjected to high temperatures and high pressures deep within Earth, mimicking the conditions of the rock cycle, what type of rock will the granite transform into? Assume that the granite does not melt.

Accepted Answer

a metamorphic rock

Answer

a sedimentary rock

Answer

an organic rock

Answer

an igneous rock

Question 5

In the rock cycle, which type of rocks are formed by processes powered by the sun?

Accepted Answer

sedimentary rocks

Answer

metamorphic rocks

Answer

igneous rocks

Answer

No rocks are formed by energy from the sun.

Question 6

During a volcanic eruption, the lava that cools down on the Earth's surface forms a rock. This rock is classified as an...

Accepted Answer

...extrusive igneous rock.

Answer

...intrusive igneous rock.

Answer

...extrusive metamorphic rock.

Answer

...intrusive volcanic rock.

Question 7

During the rock cycle, when large masses of magma solidify far beneath a construction site, they form igneous rocks that have a...

Accepted Answer

...coarse-grained texture.

Answer

...glassy texture.

Answer

...clastic texture.

Answer

...fine-grained texture.

Question 8

During the rock cycle, a rock that undergoes cooling and solidification, resulting in two distinctly different crystal sizes, is known as...

Accepted Answer

...a rock with a porphyritic texture.

Answer

...a rock with a coarse-grained texture.

Answer

...a rock with a fine-grained texture.

Answer

...a rock with a glassy texture.

Question 9

During the rock cycle, as the rate of cooling of magma increases after a volcanic eruption, the size of the crystals that form in the resulting igneous rock...

Accepted Answer

...decreases.

Answer

...increases.

Answer

...is not affected.

Answer

...cannot be determined.

Question 10

During the rock cycle, a rock that forms from cooling magma and is composed almost entirely of quartz and feldspars is known as...

Accepted Answer

...a rock with a granitic composition.

Answer

...a rock with an andesitic composition.

Answer

...a rock with an ultramafic composition.

Answer

...a rock with a basaltic composition.

Question 11

Why can two rocks, formed at different stages of the rock cycle, have the same minerals but different names?

Accepted Answer

The rocks may have different textures.

Answer

The rocks may have different colors.

Answer

The rocks may be found in different areas.

Answer

The rocks may be of different sizes.

Question 12

During the rock cycle, which type of sedimentary rock would most likely form in a river with very high-energy currents?

Accepted Answer

conglomerate

Answer

shale

Answer

coal

Answer

siltstone

Question 13

According to Figure 3-2, which of the following is responsible for the formation of rock gypsum?

Accepted Answer

precipitation from a water solution

Answer

weathering and erosion

Answer

cooling of magma

Answer

recrystallization from high temperatures and high pressures

Question 14

According to Figure 3-2, what type of rock is composed of very fine crystalline quartz?

Accepted Answer

flint

Answer

chalk

Answer

sandstone

Answer

rock gypsum

Question 15

According to Figure 3-2, a coarse-grained rock with angular fragments would be classified as a ___.

Accepted Answer

breccia

Answer

conglomerate

Answer

sandstone

Answer

crystalline limestone

Question 16

According to Figure 3-2, a clastic sedimentary rock with particles that are 1.5 millimeters in diameter would be classified as a ___.

Accepted Answer

sandstone

Answer

conglomerate

Answer

siltstone

Answer

coquina

Question 17

During the rock cycle, what type of sedimentary rock is formed when weathering breaks down rocks and minerals into smaller particles?

Accepted Answer

clastic sedimentary rock

Answer

biochemical sedimentary rock

Answer

chemical sedimentary rock

Answer

intrusive sedimentary rock

Question 18

A geologist is studying the rock cycle and comes across a fossil in a sedimentary rock. What could be a potential use of this fossil?

Accepted Answer

all of these

Answer

interpreting past environments

Answer

indicating when the rock formed

Answer

matching rocks of the same age found in different places

Question 19

A geologist is studying the rock cycle and comes across a rock that he believes has been subjected to the highest temperatures and pressures during its formation. Which of the following rocks is he most likely studying?

Accepted Answer

gneiss

Answer

schist

Answer

slate

Answer

phyllite

Question 20

During a field trip, you found a rock that has undergone the rock cycle. In which of the following locations is this rock most likely to have transformed into a metamorphic rock?

Accepted Answer

8 kilometers beneath the Earth's surface

Answer

at the bottom of an ocean

Answer

in the middle of a desert

Answer

on the slopes of an active volcano

Question 21

During the rock cycle, when rocks are exposed to high temperatures, leading to changes in their structure, this process is known as ___.

Accepted Answer

contact metamorphism

Answer

erosion

Answer

sedimentation

Answer

weathering

Question 22

In the rock cycle, the heat for the transformation of sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock is primarily supplied by...

Accepted Answer

...a nearby mass of magma.

Answer

...radioactive elements.

Answer

...frictional heating along a fault.

Answer

...deep burial within Earth.

Question 23

During the rock cycle, which of the following does NOT contribute to the transformation of rocks into a metamorphic state?

Accepted Answer

flow of a river

Answer

heat from the Earth's interior

Answer

pressure from overlying rocks

Answer

minerals from a hydrothermal solution

Question 24

During the rock cycle, when a rock undergoes metamorphism, which of the following changes may occur?

Accepted Answer

All of these changes may occur.

Answer

Certain minerals in the rock may recrystallize.

Answer

The rock may become more compact.

Answer

Crystals within the rock may grow larger.

Question 25

During the rock cycle, a certain type of rock is subjected to heat and pressure, transforming it into a metamorphic rock. If this rock has a nonfoliated texture, which of the following could it be?

Accepted Answer

marble

Answer

slate

Answer

gneiss

Answer

schist

Question 26

During a field trip, a geology student found a foliated metamorphic rock. The student learned in class that this type of rock forms when the sedimentary rock shale undergoes changes in the rock cycle due to relatively low temperatures and pressures. The student believes the rock is ___.

Accepted Answer

slate

Answer

marble

Answer

granite

Answer

quartzite

Ch 03: Rocks

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