States of Matter Exam Review

Consider the cooling curve above. The substance is changing state from a gas to a liquid to a solid. As the temperature changes we also know that

• there is a decrease in molecular attraction and kinetic energy.

  
  

• there is a decrease in kinetic energy and the molecules get closer together.

  
  

• kinetic energy increases while potential energy decreases during the phase changes.

  
  

• although the molecules get closer together, there is no real change in the energy of the molecules.

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

While Ms. Brown's science class is studying changes in particle motion during phase changes, they add a few pieces of dry ice to a flask and cover it with a balloon. After a few minutes they observed the balloon starting to inflate. Predict what will happen if they put the flask with the inflated balloon onto a hot plate and raise its temperature from room temperature to 40 °C.

• No change occurs.

  
  

• The balloon will deflate.

  
  

• The dry ice precipitates.

  
  

• The balloon inflates further.

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Consider the phase change taking place in the picture. You could use ALL BUT ONE statement to describe what is happening here. That is:

• Temperature is increasing.

  
  

• Kinetic energy is increasing.

  
  

• The space between the particles remains the same.

  
  

• The attractive force between the particles is decreasing.

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Consider the model of three states of matter. This is an example of a conceptual model. What does this model illustrate about these three states of matter? All BUT ONE could apply.

• The particles in a solid are arranged in a definite shape.

  
  

• The three states of matter are composed of individual atoms.

  
  

• The particles of a gas have have enough kinetic energy to escape from an uncovered container.

  
  

• The arrangement of particles in the three states of matter are related to the energy of those particles.

  
  

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What information does this model add to the information we already have about the three states of matter?

• In order to change from one phase of matter to another heat must be added.

  
  

• When a substance changes state the particles do not lose or gain heat energy, only kinetic energy.

  
  

• There is a direct relationship between an increase in temperature and an increase in kinetic energy of particles in matter.

  
  

• There is an indirect relationship between an increase in temperature and an increase in kinetic energy of particles in matter.

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which state of matter is electrically conductive, produces magnetic fields and electric currents?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

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NGSS.HS-PS2-5

Which state of matter conforms to the shape of its container but retains a nearly constant volume independent of pressure?

• solid

• liquid

• gas

• plasma

Which state of matter retains a fixed volume and shape?

• solid

• liquid

• gas

• plasma

Which state of matter has both variable volume and shape and expands to fill its container?

• solid

• liquid

• gas

Relate the temperature of a gas to the kinetic energy of its particles.

• As the temperature extends, the kinetic energy of the particles decreases.

  
  

• As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles increases.

  
  

• As the temperature decreases, the kinetic energy of the particles increases.

  
  

• As the temperature intensifies, the kinetic energy of the particles decreases.

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4