Y11 Biology Flashback 2 - B3

What are pathogens?

• Microorganisms that cause infectious diseases

• Chemicals found in plants that can kill bacteria

• Cells in the body that fight against viruses

• Toxins produced by bacteria

Which of the following is NOT a type of pathogen?

• Bacteria

• Viruses

• Fungi

• Antibodies

How do viral pathogens infect the body?

• By reproducing inside body cells

• By producing toxins that damage tissue

• By engulfing and digesting pathogens

• By attaching to antigens on the pathogen's surface

What is the first line of defense in the human body against pathogens?

• Nose hair and mucus

• Stomach acid

• Skin

• White blood cells

How do white blood cells defend against pathogens?

• By producing antibodies

• By engulfing and digesting pathogens

• By producing antitoxins

• All of the above

What is the purpose of vaccination?

• To kill bacterial pathogens

• To treat symptoms of an illness

• To prevent the spread of diseases

• To produce antibodies in the body

Which of the following diseases is caused by a bacterium?

• Measles

• HIV

• Salmonella food poisoning

• Malaria

What is the main difference between antibiotics and painkillers?

• Antibiotics kill pathogens, while painkillers treat symptoms

• Antibiotics treat symptoms, while painkillers kill pathogens

• Antibiotics and painkillers both kill pathogens

• Antibiotics and painkillers both treat symptoms

What is the role of white blood cells in the body?

• They help in digestion

• They carry oxygen to all parts of the body

• They fight against pathogens

• They help in blood clotting

What is the role of platelets in the human body?

• To carry oxygen

• To fight infections

• To help blood clot

• To remove waste