Biology l : Chapter 10 : Principles of Evolution

What is evolution?

• The theory that all living organisms descended from a common ancestor.

• The process of change in plants and animals over generations.

• The belief that species do not change over time.

• The process of change in all forms of life over generations.

What did Carolus Linnaeus develop?

• Genetic engineering

• A system that duplicates DNA

• The theory of evolution

• A classification system for all types of organisms

How are organisms grouped in Linnaeus' classification system?

• Based on their size and weight.
• Based on their similarities in physical characteristics and evolutionary relationships.
• Based on their similarities in genetic makeup.
• Based on their geographical distribution.

What is a species?

• A species is a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring.

• A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed but cannot produce offspring.

• A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce infertile offspring.

• A species is a group of organisms that cannot interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

What idea did Buffon propose?

• Species shared ancestors instead of arising separately

• Inheritance of acquired characteristics

• Spontaneous generation

• Creationism

What idea did Erasmus Darwin propose?

• Inheritance of acquired characteristics

• Spontaneous generation

• All living things descend from a common ancestor

• Creationism and intelligent design

What idea did Lamarck propose?

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

• Inheritance of acquired characteristics

• Mutation

What are fossils?

• Preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms

• A model of what extinct species looked like

• An educated guess on how the world looked hundreds of years ago

• Artificially created replicas of ancient organisms

What is catastrophism?

• The theory that Earth's geological features are primarily the result of gradual and slow processes.
• The theory that Earth's geological features are primarily the result of extraterrestrial events.
• The theory that Earth's geological features are primarily the result of human activities.
• The theory that Earth's geological features are primarily the result of sudden and violent cataclysmic events.

What are examples of catastrophism?

• Tornadoes, hurricanes, and tsunamis
• Droughts, wildfires, and landslides
• Floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions
• Avalanches, blizzards, and hailstorms