7: Survey Research

What are the two important characteristics of survey research?

• Variables are measured using self-reports and considerable attention is paid to the issue of sampling.

• Variables are measured using observations and considerable attention is paid to the issue of sampling.

• Variables are measured using experiments and considerable attention is paid to the issue of sampling.

• Variables are measured using interviews and considerable attention is paid to the issue of sampling.

What are context effects in survey research?

• Unintended influences on respondents' answers because they are not related to the content of the item but to the context in which the item appears.

• Intended influences on respondents' answers because they are related to the content of the item.

• Unintended influences on respondents' answers because they are related to the content of the item.

• Intended influences on respondents' answers because they are not related to the content of the item but to the context in which the item appears.

What are item-order effects in survey research?

• When the order in which the items are presented affects people's responses.

• When the order in which the items are presented has no effect on people's responses.

• When the order in which the items are presented only affects certain types of people's responses.

• When the order in which the items are presented affects the researcher's interpretation of people's responses.

What are open-ended items in a survey?

• Questions that allow participants to answer in whatever way they choose.

• Questions that provide a limited set of response options for participants to choose from.

• Questions that require participants to rate their response on a scale.

• Questions that require participants to select from a set of predefined options.

What are closed-ended items in a survey?

• Questionnaire items that ask a question and provide a limited set of response options for participants to choose from.

• Questionnaire items that ask a question and allow participants to answer in whatever way they choose.

• Questionnaire items that require participants to rate their response on a scale.

• Questionnaire items that require participants to select from a set of predefined options.

What is a rating scale in a survey?

• An ordered set of responses that participants must choose from.

• A random set of responses that participants must choose from.

• A set of responses that participants must create on their own.

• A set of responses that participants must choose from based on their personal preferences.

What is non-probability sampling in research?

• When the researcher cannot specify the probability that each member of the population will be selected for the sample.

• When the researcher can specify the probability that each member of the population will be selected for the sample.

• When the researcher can only estimate the probability that each member of the population will be selected for the sample.

• When the researcher can only approximate the probability that each member of the population will be selected for the sample.

What is snowball sampling in research?

• A form of non-probability sampling in which existing research participants help recruit additional participants for the study.

• A form of probability sampling in which existing research participants help recruit additional participants for the study.

• A form of non-probability sampling in which existing research participants are excluded from recruiting additional participants for the study.

• A form of probability sampling in which existing research participants are excluded from recruiting additional participants for the study.

What is quota sampling in research?

• A form of non-probability sampling in which subgroups in the samples are recruited to be proportional to those subgroups in the population.

• A form of probability sampling in which subgroups in the samples are recruited to be proportional to those subgroups in the population.

• A form of non-probability sampling in which subgroups in the samples are recruited to be disproportional to those subgroups in the population.

• A form of probability sampling in which subgroups in the samples are recruited to be disproportional to those subgroups in the population.

What is simple random sampling in research?

• A probability sampling method in which each individual in the population has an equal probability of being selected for the sample.

• A non-probability sampling method in which each individual in the population has an equal probability of being selected for the sample.

• A probability sampling method in which each individual in the population has a different probability of being selected for the sample.

• A non-probability sampling method in which each individual in the population has a different probability of being selected for the sample.