Year 10 revision quiz

Thread like structures made of DNA wrapped around proteins

• nucleotides

• chromosomes

• genes

• genotypes

the building block of DNA, composed of deoxyribose sugar, nitrogen base and a phosphate group

• nucleotide

• chromosome

• gene

• genotype

a pair of chromosomes of the same length, with the same genes in the same locations

• gametes

• homologous chromosomes

• diploid

• genotype

a cell with two full sets of chromosomes

• gametes

• phenotype

• diploid

• haploid

when an organism carries two different versions of the gene on the homologous chromosomes

• homozygous

• heterozygous

• diploid

• haploid

a characteristic that is seen in a heterozygous organism

• dominant trait

• recessive trait

• diploid

• allele

In budgerigars, green feather colour (G) is dominant to blue feather colour (g). A blue budgerigar is mated with a heterozygous budgerigar. Identify the most probably genotypes of the offspring. (Do a Punnett square)

• all the offspring will be blue

• all the offspring will be green

• 1/2 Gg; 1/2 gg

• 1/2 GG; 1/2 gg

In this pedigree, the individuals shaded blue have thalassaemia, a disease inherited in a dominant-recessive pattern. Identify the option in which both statements are true.

• 3 and 7 are both carriers of the disease. 8 or 9 must be a carrier

• 6 and 7 are both heterozygous for thalassaemia. 3 and 5 are carriers of thalassaemia

• 5 and 6 are heterozygous for the condition. 10 and 12 must be carriers of the disease

• 2 is homozygous for thalassaemia. 3 and 4 must be carriers of the disease

fossil that can be used to compare the relative age of rock strata in different locations

• index fossil

• isotope

• trace fossil

• replacement fossil

A palaeontologist visited two different sites in a quarry and saw several layers containing different fossils (as shown)

which is the oldest stratum?

• A

• C

• E

• I