Chemistry of Life Study Guide 1

In all of our cells, there is DNA. Which characteristic does this fact best describe?

• Living things respond to their environment.

• Living things maintain internal balance.

• Living things are based on a universal genetic code.

• Living things grow and develop

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Which of the following elements are commonly found in all living things?

• C, H, N, O, P, S

• C, CI, O, N, P

• Na, P, CI, O, N

• C, Cl, Na, O

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Select all that are function of proteins

• Store and transmit heredity

• Energy

• Control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes

• Used to form muscles

Fats, oils, and cholesterol are all types of

• cell membranes

• hormones

• lipids

• fatty acids

What are the four main groups of organic molecules?

• starches, cholesterol, fatty acids, and amino acids

• sugars, cellulose, triglycerides, and monosaccharides

• polysaccharides, sugars, oils, and polymers

• carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

A monosaccharide is a

• carbohydrate

• lipid

• nucleic acid

• protein

Which statements are true? Select all that apply

• Simple sugars are made of polysaccharides.

• Glycerol is made of fatty acids.

• RNA molecules are made of nucleotides.

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Keratin is a protein found in hair, nails, and feathers of animals. Which of the following elements is most abundant in keratin?

• Carbon

• Aluminum

• Iron

• Zinc

Milk contains a high concentration of the carbohydrate lactose. What is the basic structure of lactose?

• two monosaccharides joined together

• a chain of amino acids in a helix shape

• two fatty acids joined to a phosphate group

• a chain of alternating sugar and phosphate groups

Which of the following would most likely be observed in a person who is unable to break down glycogen?

• a swelling of the joints

• an inability to digest proteins

• a low energy level and muscle weakness

• a rapid heartbeat and fast metabolism