geol

How are hypocenters and epicenters related?

• The hypocenter is the exact point along a fault at Earth's surface where the slippage of the two blocks of rock occurs. The epicenter is the point under Earth's surface that is directly below the hypocenter.

• The epicenter is the exact point along a fault at Earth's surface where the slippage of the two blocks of rock occurs. The hypocenter is the point under Earth's surface that is directly below the epicenter.

• The hypocenter is the exact point underground along a fault where the slippage of the two blocks of rock occurs. The epicenter is the exact point along a fault at Earth's surface that is directly above the hypocenter.

• The hypocenter is the exact point underground along a fault where the slippage of the two blocks of rock occurs. The epicenter is the point on Earth's surface that is directly above the hypocenter.

• The epicenter is the exact point underground along a fault where the slippage of the two blocks of rock occurs. The hypocenter is the point on Earth's surface that is directly above the epicenter.

What are the two primary types of waves generated by earthquakes?

• surface waves and body waves

• horizontal surface waves and vertical surface waves

• horizontal surface waves and surface waves

• P waves and S waves

• S waves and body waves

How is triangulation method used to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?

• The distance from a recording center to a foreshock, the earthquake itself, and an aftershock are averaged together. A circle made with this radius is drawn around the record center; the epicenter is located within this circle.

• The time that it takes a P wave, an S wave, and a surface wave to reach a recording station are added together, and the average of these three times is calculated. This is done at three different recording stations; the station that has the lowest average of arrival time is closest to the epicenter of the earthquake.

• The distance from a recording center to a foreshock, the earthquake itself, and an aftershock are plotted against time on an XY graph.

• On a map, a circle is drawn around each of three recording stations, with the radius being the distance from the station to the epicenter of the earthquake. The epicenter is located where the three circles intersect.

• On a map, three lines are drawn to connect three stations that recorded the earthquake. The epicenter is known to be somewhere within this triangle.

Which of the following does not determine the amount of destruction caused by seismic shaking?

• strength of the quake

• nature of the ground material

• distance from hypocenter

• building design

• type of fault

Which layer is indicated by the letter F in the diagram and what is its nature?

• The inner core and it is solid

• The outer core and it is solid.

• The outer core and it is completely molten.

• The lithosphere and it is a rigid solid.

• The meoosphere and it is a strong solid.

Which or statement or statements correctly describe brittle deformation and ductile deformation?

• Brittle deformation is permanent, whereas ductile deformation is reversible.

• Brittle deformation describes a rock bending or folding as a result of stress, whereas ductile deformation describes a rock breaking as a result of stress.

• Brittle deformation describes a rock breaking as a result of stress, whereas ductile deformation describes a rock bending or folding as a result of stress.

• Both brittle deformation and ductile deformation are reversible.

• Both brittle deformation and ductile deformation are permanent.

What kind of fold is illustrated in this photograph? At what sort of tectonic boundary situation is it likely to have formed?

• syncline; divergent

• anticline; divergent

• anticline; convergent

• syncline; convergent

What is a fault?

• folds along which rocks bend

• fractures along which rocks move

• fractures along which rocks don’t move

• folds along which rocks move

• fractures along which rocks bend

Which type of force is responsible for normal fault formation?

• rotational force

• tensional force

• hanging force

• shear force

• compressional force

What kind of fault is illustrated in this figure?

• rightt-lateral fault

• reverse fault

• normal fault

• left-lateral fault

• thrust fault