Properties of the Stars Review Part 1

Which of the following correctly compares the relationship between the absolute brightness and temperature of stars on the main sequence?

• The stars' absolute brightness is not related to their temperatures.

• The stars’ absolute brightness will depend on how close they are to Earth.

• The star with the lower temperature will have a higher absolute brightness.

• The star with the greater temperature will have a higher absolute brightness.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding main sequence stars?

• Red giant stars are part of the main sequence group.

• Most stars visible from the Earth are main sequence stars.

• As surface temperature increases, absolute brightness increases.Main sequence stars are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium gas.

• Main sequence stars are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium gas.

The  Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) Diagram below represents the brightness and temperature of stars visible from Earth. Which of the following correctly the properties of main sequence star, Star B?

• It is brighter and cooler than Star D.

• It is hotter and brighter than Star D.

• It is brighter and has a similar temperature to Star A.

• It has a similar brightness and temperature to Star A.

Which sequence places the layers of the Sun in the correct order, from innermost to outermost?

• convection zone → radiation zone → core

• convection zone→ core → radiation zone

• core → radiation zone → convection zone

• radiation zone → convection zone → core

The diagram shows a cross-section of the Sun. Four features are labeled W through Z. Which feature is the solar prominence?

• W

• X

• Y

• Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which of the following models would best represent how convection occurs in the sun?

• A ball rolling around on the floor.

• A whirpool of water that spins towards the center.

•  An orange with a stick through the center that rotates.

• Boiling water that heats, rises, cools, and sinks in a circular motion.

The James Webb Space Telescope is the largest telescope ever put into space. It replaced the Hubble Space Telescope. It was launched into orbit beyond Earth's moon, where it can work in an ultra-cold environment, protected from the heat of the Sun. How does the data collected from space telescopes differ from Earth-based observatories?

• They collect highly detailed data about nuclear activity deep within our Sun.

• They are unable to detect infrared or UV light that is absorbed by Earth's atmosphere. 

• They detect high-energy ultraviolet radiation emitted from supernovae and black holes

• They avoid the distortion from the atmosphere and give scientists more accurate data.

Asad compared different technologies used to study the solar system and objects beyond it. He wanted to see what could be learned with each technology. Asad made a Venn diagram to compare the Hubble Space Telescope and the Mars exploration rovers. Which of these could go in the center section of the Venn diagram?

• helps scientists learn how stars form in space

• provides data that scientists cannot obtain on Earth

• helps determine whether life existed on other planets

• provides information that is used to improve life on Earth

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

An amateur astronomer has noticed an object in the sky that could be explained as the discovery of a new comet. What is the most important step needed in an investigation of the object to make a scientifically valid conclusion?

• Detailed records of observations.

• New computer-controlled equipment.

• New computer-controlled equipment.

• Reference material of recent astronomical discoveries.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

How has our ability to send remote-controlled devices to planets such as Mars best enhanced our understanding of the universe?

• 
  It has made it possible for astronauts to visit distant planets in person.

• 
  It has allowed us to visually explore distant planets without endangering anyone.

• It has permitted our exploration to only planets with atmospheres similar to ours.

• It has enabled us to collect soil samples from distant planets and bring them back to Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2