WHAP Unit 3.3 Vocab

Match the items below.

• Anne Boleyn

• Holy Roman Emperor and Carlos I of Spain, tried to keep Europe religiously united, inherited Spain, the Netherlands, Southern Italy, Austria, and much of the Holy Roman Emperor from his grandparents, he sought to stop Protestantism and increase the power of Catholicism. He allied with the pope to stamp out heresy and maintain religious unity in Europe. He was preoccupied with struggles with the Ottomans and France and could not solely focus on the rise of Protestantism in Germany.

• Philip II

• (1527-1598) King of Spain from 1556 to 1598. Absolute monarch who helped lead the Counter Reformation by persecuting Protestants in his holdings. Also sent the Spanish Armada against England

• Spanish Armada

• (1491-1547) King of England from 1509 to 1547; his desire to annul his marriage led to a conflict with the pope, England's break with the Roman Catholic Church, and its embrace of Protestantism. Henry established the Church of England in 1532.

• Henry VIII

• "Invincible" group of ships sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England in 1588; Armada was defeated by smaller, more maneuverable English "sea dogs" in the Channel; marked the beginning of English naval dominance and fall of Spanish dominance.

• Charles V

• Henry VIII mistress during the time of the English Reformation, she gave birth to Elizabeth, future queen of England. One of the reasons Henry VIII wanted to get his marriage to Catherine annulled is so that he could marry her.

1555 agreement declaring that the religion of each German state would be decided by its ruler (a)  

• Peace of Augsburg
• Edict of Nantes
• Thirty Years War

The document that granted religious freedom to the Huguenots is known as the​ ​ ​ (a)  

• Peace of Augsburg
• 95 Theses
• Edict of Nantes

Match the following

• Thirty Years War

• Protestant rebellion against the Holy Roman Empire ends with peace of Westphalia-1648) A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It was primarily a battle between France and their rivals the Hapsburg's, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire

• Peace of Westphalia

• the buying and selling of church offices

• simony

• The treaty ending the Thirty Years' War in Germany; it allowed each prince-whether Lutheran, Catholic, or Calvinist-to choose the established creed of his territory

• 95 Theses

• Within the Catholic Church, this is the remission punishment for ones sins. Such as for a sin that has already been forgiven by God but which still carries with it some kind of punishment. Centuries ago the Church would sell certificates that would get a person out of purgatory. This practice contributed to the Protestant reformation

• indulgence

• It was nailed to a church door in Wittenberg, Germany in 1517 and is widely seen as being the catalyst that started the Protestant Reformation. It contained Luther's list of accusations against the Roman Catholic Church.

Match the following

• Holy Synod

• the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected)

• Counter-Reformation

• A Roman Catholic tribunal for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy - especially the one active in Spain during the 1400s.

• Jesuits

• Reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings, forbade the sale of indulgences

• Inquisition

• Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism.

• Council of Trent

• The replacement Peter the Great created for the office of Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church. It was a "bureaucracy of laymen under his supervision."

Match the following

• Puritans

• Calvinist belief that God long ago determined who would gain salvation

• Martin Luther

• In Calvinist doctrine, those who have been chosen by God for salvation.

• predestination

• religious reformer who believed in predestination and a strict sense of morality for society

• elect

• a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices.

• John Calvin

• Protestant group who wanted to purify the Church of England of Catholic remnants

Match the following

• Sikhism

• 
  A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.

• empiricism

• the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on the collection of data should back up a hypothesis. (scientific method)

• shariah

• Form of Protestantism set up in England after 1534; established by Henry VIII with himself as head, at least in part to obtain a divorce from his first wife; became increasingly Protestant following Henry's death; Free from the pope's control

• Anglican Church

• a law code drawn up by Muslim scholars after Muhammad's death; it provided believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives

• Protestant Reformation

• the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam