3019PSY Word Recognition

Verbally pronouncing "gave" the same way as "have", or "plaid" the same way as "played" is what type of error?

• Slip of tongue Error

• Regularization Error

• Word length effect error

• Phoneme to Grapheme Conversion error

In what module of the Word Recognition Model does both slip of the tongue and word length effects occur?

• Phonological Output Buffer

• Orthographic Output Buffer

• Phonological Output Lexicon

• Orthographic Output Lexicon

Why are nonsense words are used to test the Grapheme-Phoneme conversion in adults?

• Exception words are used instead

• it forces the reader to use letter to sound knowledge

• to test if the reader thinks its a real word

• non of the above

"write down the name of the animal that is grey and has a trunk" may be used as a test for what module of the Word Recognition Model, and why?

• Phonological Output Buffer; to test word length effects

• Orthographic Output Buffer; to test word length effect

• Phonological Output Lexicon; to test the mental dictionary of stored words

• Orthographic Output Lexicon; to test the mental dictionary of stored words

Someone with Pure Alexia has damage to: (multiple answers)

• The right hemisphere

• The left primary visual cortex

• The right primary visual cortex

• The posterior region of the corpus callosum

Answer explanation

Someone with pure alexia cannot read full words, instead they have to say each letter out loud in order for their left hemisphere to process each letter into a spoken word. This is done due to damage to the left primary visual cortex and posterior region of the corpus callosum which restrict the flow of visual orthographic information from the right visual field into the left hemisphere.

Which example is most representative of a Transposition Error that could be made by someone with Letter Position Dyslexia?

• board -> broad

• yacht -> yot

• brain -> braid

• yellow -> hello

Answer explanation

letter transpositions or migrations usually occur within the middle of words- especially for someone with letter position dyslexia, the first and last letters are usually correct

The Grapheme to Phoneme Conversion Module is part of the ............ route.

A patient can read familiar word and irregular words, and can still utilise there lexical route to do so. However, the patient is unable to know what the words they are saying mean. What type of dyslexia is this?

• Phonological Dyslexia

• Surface Dyslexia

• Direct Route Dyslexia

• Neglect Dyslexia

According to the Right Hemisphere Hypothesis of Reading for Deep Dyslexia, semantic errors are made by patients because: (multiple answers)

• The imageability effect

• Patients usually do not have there left hemisphere intact

• Incorrect target selection being transferred to the left hemisphere

• Patients are unable to access a complete semantic word representation at the beginning

An imaging study by Coltheart (2000) found Orthographic processing to occur in which brain region?

• The boarder between the superior and middle temporal gyrus

• Areas BA21 and BA22 in the left hemisphere

• Left hemisphere frontal operculum

• Left occipital and occipitotemporal regions

Answer explanation

Orthographic= left occipital and occipitotemporal regions

Semantic processing= boarder between superior and middle temporal gyrus, areas BA21 BA22

Phonological Output: left hemisphere frontal operculum

*remember: goes from the back of the brain (occipital temporal regions) to the front of the brain (frontal operculum), with semantics in the middle.