Unit 4 - Species Interactions & Community Ecology

Which of the following is an example of intraspecific competition?

• Vultures & hyenas fighting over a dead animal carcass

• Warblers (birds) using different areas of trees to forage for their food (insects)

• A frog eating one particular type of insect

• A fish that swims along with sharks in order to eat their leftovers

All of the following examples are ways in which organisms try to reduce intraspecific competition EXCEPT...?

• Forcing offspring to leave and find new homes

• Resource partitioning

• Utilizing seeds that are spread to habitable land that is far from the original organisms location

• Initiating direct fights over resources

Which of the following is an example of a producer?

• plant

• cattle

• fox

• hawk

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Which of the following is an example of an herbivore?

• plant

• rabbit

• fox

• hawk

A parasite is a predator that...?

• causes disease

• makes their own food

• feeds on a host organism

• breaks down dead organic material

Predation influences species populations by affecting all of the following EXCEPT...?

• all stages in the life cycles of predators & prey species

• various specialized food-obtaining mechanisms and/or anatomy

• adjustments to behaviors and/or body characteristics to help prey evade & predator catch

• the ability of organisms metabolize nutrients in a particular environment

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The cyclamen mite, which is a strawberry crop pest, is a nuisance to farmers. There are also predatory mites who eat the cyclamen mites, reducing the damage that they do. This relationship would be considered...?

• pathogenesis

• mutualism

• predator-mediated competition

• commensalism

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Which of the following is NOT an example of the predator/prey "evolutionary arms race?"

• Predators with greater tolerance of certain chemicals

• Prey with improved body armor

• Predators or prey who evolve better evasive behaviors (i.e. extraordinary speeds)

• Predators and prey with similar coloration

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Some species that are harmless develop traits that resemble poisonous or distasteful species, resulting in a way to avoid predation. What is this called?

• Mullerian mimicry

• Predator-avoidance mimicry

• Batesian mimicry

• Camouflage mimicry

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A flea feeds on the blood from a dog. There is no benefit to the dog and the itching and bites might lead to infection.

Which type of symbiotic relationship is this?

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

• This is not a type of symbiosis.