Stats 2-3 through 2-6

First-year students at a certain large university are required to live on campus in 1 of the 24 available residence halls. After their first year, students have the option to live away from campus, but many choose to continue living in the residence halls. Estella oversees 12 of these residence halls. Her department surveyed a large simple random sample of first-year students who live in those 12 residence halls about their overall satisfaction with campus living.

Estella can safely generalize the results of the survey to which population?

• Only those students who were surveyed.

• All first-year students, but only those who live in these 12 residence halls.

• All students (first-year and not), but only those who live in these 12 residence halls.

• All first-year students at the entire university, but not students beyond their first-year.

Tags

CCSS.7.SP.A.1

CCSS.HSS.IC.A.1

We wish to investigate the relationship between the number seeds planted in a garden and the number of fruit grown. The explanatory variable (EV) is

• The number of fruit grown

• The amount of soil in the garden

• The number of hours spent watering the plants

• The number of seeds planted

Tags

CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9

We wish to investigate the relationship between the time spent shopping and the number of items bought. The response variable (RV) is

• The number of items bought

• The number of items at the shop

• The time spent shopping

• The time spent getting to the shops

Tags

CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9

A psychologist designed a study to test the effects of cell phone use on driving safety. Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone.

Which type of research does the scenario describe?

• Experiment

• Observation

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

The most important advantage of experiments over observational studies is that

• A) experiments are usually easier to carry out
• B)Experiments can usually give better evidence of causation
• C) Confounding cannot happen in experiments
• D) Observational studies cannot use random samples

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

A market research company wishes to find out whether the population of students at a university prefers Starbucks or Dunkin Donuts. A random sample of students is selected, and each student is asked first to try both but the order they try them is randomly decided with a coin toss (heads: Starbucks, then Dunkin. tails: vice versa). They then indicate which brand they prefer. This is an example of

• a completely randomized experiment
• an observational study
• a stratified sample
• a matched pairs experiment

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Identify the design  for the experiment

• completely randomized, the factor is pesticide
• randomized block, blocked on tree type, the factor is pesticide
• This experiment is single blind, blocked by pesticide
• The experiment is double blind, the factors are tree type and pesticide

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

In order to perform an experiment using 60 members of a gym, I first divide the list of members into men and women because I feel that the results will be different based on gender. I then randomly choose 30 men and 30 women. I assign half of the men to the treatment group and half to the control group. I repeat this procedure with the women. This is an example of a:

• randomized comparative design
• blocking design
• matched pairs design
• double blind simple random sample

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

Statistics teachers often debate the best order in which to teach topics. One group of teachers likes to teach design of studies first. Another group likes to begin with data analysis. To see which order is more effective in preparing students for the AP Exam, an experiment was proposed. A large group of teachers, each of whom teaches two sections of statistics, volunteered to be part of the experiment. Each teacher will randomly assign one of their classes to beign with design, and the other to begin with data analysis. Which is the correct description of this design?

• The experimental units are the classrooms, the blocks are the teachers, and the response variable is the difference in average AP Exam score for each of the teacher's classes.

• The experimental units are the teachers, there are no blocks, and the response variable is the average AP Exam score for each teacher.

• The experimental units are the individual students, the blocks are the classrooms, and the response variable is each individual student's AP Exam score.

• The experimental units are the individual students, the blocks are the teachers, and the response variable is the average AP Exam score for each classroom

• The experimental units are the order of the topics, the blocks are the teachers, and the response variable is the average AP Exam score for all students who used each order of topics.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

In the previous problem, supposed that the researchers suspected that women over the age of 55 may respond differently to the treatment. Given that a random sample of 40,000 women over the age of 45 has already been chosen, the study would have been improved by:

• a stratified sample, with strata determined by age.

• a stratified sample, with strata determined by gender.

• a block design, with blocks determined by age.

• a block design, with blocks determined by gender.

• a double-blind completely randomized design.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3