Tsunamis

What are the main causes of tsunamis?

• Droughts, heatwaves, and wildfires.

• Underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides.

• Hurricanes, tornadoes, and thunderstorms.

• Asteroid impacts, solar flares, and meteor showers.

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How do earthquakes contribute to the formation of tsunamis?

• By causing the seafloor to uplift or subside, displacing a large volume of water and creating powerful waves.

• By releasing large amounts of energy into the ocean, creating massive waves.

• By causing the ocean currents to change direction, resulting in powerful waves.

• By melting glaciers and icebergs, releasing large amounts of water into the ocean and creating powerful waves.

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What are the primary effects of tsunamis on coastal areas?

• Decrease in sea levels, minimal impact on coastal areas, and no loss of life

• Increase in tourism, economic growth, and improved infrastructure

• Flooding, destruction of infrastructure, and loss of life

• Erosion of beaches, disruption of marine ecosystems, and damage to coastal vegetation

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How can tsunamis be detected and monitored?

• Seismic sensors, buoys, and tide gauges are used to detect and monitor tsunamis.

• Thermal cameras, laser sensors, and acoustic devices are used to detect and monitor tsunamis.

• Weather balloons, drones, and submarines are used to detect and monitor tsunamis.

• Satellites, radar, and sonar are used to detect and monitor tsunamis.

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What are the warning signs of an impending tsunami?

• A noticeable rapid rise or fall in coastal waters, a loud roaring sound similar to a freight train, and the sudden pulling back of ocean water revealing the ocean floor.

• A strong gust of wind blowing towards the coast, an increase in the number of seagulls flying inland, and a sudden drop in temperature

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What safety measures can be taken to protect oneself during a tsunami?

• Evacuate to higher ground or an elevated area

• Stay near the coast and wait for the tsunami to pass

• Go swimming in the ocean to escape the tsunami

• Take shelter in a basement or underground area

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What are the long-term impacts of tsunamis on affected communities?

• The long-term impacts of tsunamis on affected communities include minimal damage to infrastructure, quick recovery, increased government support, and improved quality of life.

• The long-term impacts of tsunamis on affected communities include reduced population, increased job opportunities, improved mental health, and enhanced social cohesion.

• The long-term impacts of tsunamis on affected communities include increased tourism, improved infrastructure, economic growth, and enhanced environmental conservation.

• The long-term impacts of tsunamis on affected communities include loss of lives, destruction of infrastructure, displacement of people, economic decline, psychological trauma, and environmental damage.

How do volcanic eruptions trigger tsunamis?

• Volcanic eruptions can trigger tsunamis by releasing large amounts of water into the ocean.

• Volcanic eruptions can trigger tsunamis by creating seismic waves that propagate through the ocean.

• Volcanic eruptions can trigger tsunamis due to the displacement of water caused by the eruption.

• Volcanic eruptions can trigger tsunamis through various mechanisms such as the collapse of the volcanic edifice, explosive blasts, underwater landslides, and collapse of volcanic calderas.

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What are the similarities and differences between tsunamis and tidal waves?

• Tsunamis and tidal waves are both caused by the movement of water, but tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes while tidal waves are caused by underwater landslides.

• Tsunamis and tidal waves are both caused by the movement of water, but tsunamis are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun while tidal waves are caused by underwater earthquakes.

• Tsunamis and tidal waves are both caused by the movement of water, but tsunamis are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun while tidal waves are caused by underwater landslides.

• Tsunamis and tidal waves are both caused by the movement of water, but they have different causes. Tsunamis are usually caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, while tidal waves are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun. Additionally, tsunamis can travel across entire ocean basins and have much larger wavelengths and amplitudes compared to tidal waves.

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How can individuals contribute to tsunami preparedness and response efforts?

• By hoarding emergency supplies and not sharing with others

• By relying solely on government agencies for preparedness and response efforts

• By ignoring warnings and staying near the coast during a tsunami

• By staying informed, participating in drills, creating a family emergency plan, assembling an emergency kit, and volunteering with local organizations.