Moving Toward Independence/AoC/Creating the Constitution

What did English colonists agree to by signing the Mayflower Compact in 1620?

• 1. Each person would be responsible for governing his or herself within the law.

• 1. The laws would be established and enforced by the British Parliament.

• 1. The colonists would agree to laws enacted by representatives of their choosing.

• 1. The king would determine laws for the colonists to follow with absolute power.

What was the purpose of habeas corpus under the English Bill of Rights?

• 1. It protected against the taxation of the people.

• 1. It protected people accused of a crime from unlawful imprisonment.

• 1. It protected people in the freedom to practice their own religion.

• 1. It protected the right to own property.

The diagram describes a change that occurred in the American colonies.

Which statement completes the diagram?

• 1. Britain decided that American colonists would not have to pay taxes since they helped fight the French.

• 1. Parliament created a series of taxes that local governments had to pay, making it too costly to have local representation.

• 1. British soldiers stayed in the colonies to enforce laws and colonists had to pay taxes to support them.

• • Britain gave American colonists a voice in Parliament, so local governments were no longer necessary.

How did British policy toward the colonies change after the French and Indian War?

• 1. The British began a policy of benign neglect, in which they left the colonies to themselves.

• 1. Colonists paid heavy taxes on everyday items including tea, newspapers, and sugar.

• 1. Britain encouraged the colonies to make their own rules, justice system, and taxes.

• 1. Colonists determined the punishments for those who broke laws and refused to pay taxes.

Why did Britain pass the act referred to in this image?

• 1. Parliament wanted to prove that they were more powerful than local governments and force colonists to follow their laws.

• 1. Parliament decided that the local taxes colonists paid were illegal and wanted colonists paying taxes directly to Britain.

• 1. Britain believed that taxing every piece of paper sold in the colonies would pay for increased defense costs.

• 1. British citizens were frustrated over their high taxes and protested until Parliament taxed colonial imports and exports.

The image is an engraving of the Boston Massacre made by Paul Revere in 1770.

What led to the action shown in the engraving?

• 1. Colonists met together in the First Continental Congress.

• 1. Colonists had been boycotting British goods and engaging in protests.

• 1. Colonists gathered in Lexington and Concord to seize weapons.

• 1. Colonists burned the barracks of British soldiers in Boston.

Why did colonists want independence?

• 1. They wanted the right to bear arms and to not be unlawfully imprisoned.

• 1. They declared independence because they did not feel loyal to the king.

• • They lacked individual rights guaranteed by British law, including representation in government.

• 1. They were unhappy that only landowners were represented in government, believing everyone should be equal.

Which act by the British Parliament most directly stated its right to tax the colonists?

(Remember: We have the power over you to do what we want, and you have to follow what we say.)

• 1. Intolerable Acts

• Declaratory Act

• Stamp Act

• Townshend Acts

What natural rights are listed in the Declaration of Independence?

• life, liberty, property

• 1. freedom of religion and speech

• 1. life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

• 1. freedom of the press, assembly, and to petition the government

Which phrase from the Preamble (Introduction) of the Declaration of Independence refers to the social contract?

• 1. we hold these truths to be self-evident

• 1. to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men

• 1. as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness

• 1. that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights