Unit 3 Study Guide

The tremendously rapid growth of American cities in the post-Civil War decades was

• uniquely American.

• fueled by an agricultural system suffering from poor production levels.

• attributable to the closing of the frontier.

• a trend that affected Europe as well.

• None of these choices are correct.

The major factor in drawing country people off the farms and into the big cities was the

• consecutive years of drought in the Midwest and West in the post-Civil War era

• availability of industrial jobs.

• compact nature of those large communities.

• advent of new housing structures known as dumbbell tenements.

• lure of cultural excitement.

The development of electric trolleys in the late nineteenth century transformed the American city by

• enabling cities to build upward as well as outward.

• separating the mass transportation of the working class from the private vehicles of the wealthy

• enabling cities to plan streets along regular grid lines.

• creating distinct districts devoted to residential neighborhoods, commerce, and industry.

• creating distinct districts devoted to residential neighborhoods, commerce, and industry.

All of these were factors that increasingly made cities more attractive than farms for young adults except

• electricity, indoor plumbing and telephones

• the advent of skyscrapers and suspension bridges

• urban nightlife

• industrial jobs

• the lower cost of living

One of the early symbols of the dawning era of consumerism in urban America was

• mass-production factories

• the Sears catalog.

• advertising billboards.

• public transportation systems.

• large department stores

The move to cities led to what major and enduring change in American lifestyles?

• Delayed marriages

• Fragmented family life

• More waste and the need for waste disposal

• An emphasis on thrift

• The relocation and transformation of the rural general store into a comparable urban general store in the cities

Which one of the following has the least in common with the other four

• Slums

• Dumbbell tenements

• Bedroom communities

• Flophouses

• The “Lung Block”

American cities increasingly abandoned wooden construction for brick and steel in their downtown districts after

• brickmaking became cheaper and iron was superseded by more durable steel for construction purposes.

• the cost of brick and steel dropped markedly in the 1870s.

• wooden tenements collapsed in the New York inner city in the 1880s

• the great Chicago fire of 1871.

• the development of the electric elevator and the skyscraper.

The New Immigrants who came to the United States after 1880

• had experience with democratic governments

• arrived primarily from Germany, Sweden, and Norway.

• were culturally different from previous immigrants.

• received a warm welcome from the Old Immigrants.

• represented nonwhite racial groups.

The two immigrant ethnic groups who were most harshly treated in the mid to late nineteenth century were the

• Spanish and Portuguese.

• Irish and Chinese

• Germans and Italians.

• Japanese and Filipinos.

• Slavs and Russians.