Azerbaijan in the 19th Century

Treaty of Turkmenistan

Treaty of Moscow

Treaty of Turkmanchay

Treaty of Baku

Local khans

Foreign monarchs

Rulers appointed by the Tsar

Elected officials

Collecting taxes and managing finances

Leading the military

Handling international relations

Overseeing religious institutions

To establish a new government

To encourage farming and settlement

To promote trade with foreign countries

To increase the population

They were exempt from taxes and compulsory duties for six years.

They were given free land and resources.

They were promised political power in the region.

They were given control of religious institutions.

The discovery of oil reserves

The establishment of a unified currency

The construction of new transportation routes

The opening of a silk culture and trade center

It increased customs fees for imports.

It had no significant impact on trade.

It decreased customs fees for imports, revitalizing trade.

It led to the rise of internal customs.

Political, social, and economic issues

Religious disputes and cultural differences

Foreign interference and territorial disputes

Technological advancements and modernization

A successful independence movement

The establishment of a new government

Exile and punishment for the rebel leaders

Increased autonomy for the local rulers

Local people were burdened with higher taxes.

The local rulers wanted to gain independence.

Russian rulers demanded tribute from the Khan.

Religious tensions escalated in the region.