Especially dense water forms in deep water formation areas because of

atmospheric cooling of the water

Deep water formation areas drive the global conveyor belt, which

connects the water of all Earth’s oceans.

circulates water primarily within the Atlantic Ocean.

stops circulating during El Niño years.

Under normal conditions, the prevailing winds along the coast of Peru push the water away from the land, causing

a significant sea level rise along the coast.

a significant drop in sea level along the coast.

At what latitude is the Earth’s surface rotating the fastest?

It rotates at the same speed at all latitudes

What is the main reason WESTERN boundary currents flow faster than EASTERN boundary currents in ocean gyres?

The prevailing winds are stronger

What is the main reason a location on the west coast of a continent would typically have cooler annual temperatures than a location on the east coast at the same latitude and elevation?

Ocean gyres usually circulate colder water from arctic regions along western coasts

Prevailing winds push colder air onto west coasts

Colder, less dense ocean water flows along western coasts

At the same latitude and elevation, west coasts do not typically have cooler temperatures than east coasts

Look carefully at the two maps below. Which of the following is most likely to occur during an El Nino year?

warmer water on the western coast of South America

warmer water on the northern coast of Australia

Which of the following best describes a major change that occurs during an El Nino year?

equatorial current reverses direction

subtropical jet reverses direction

Peruvian current reverses direction

What would you expect the water under an iceberg to be like?

Cold and higher salinity because the iceberg has expelled most of its salt

Cold and lower salinity because the iceberg has retained most of its salt

Warmer because of the abundance of sea life

Warmer because the iceberg has retained all the coldness

According to the map below, what explains why Halifax, Nova Scotia is significantly colder than Bordeaux, France even though they are at similar latitudes?

The Labrador Current coming out of the north

Subarctic air masses coming out of the interior of Canada

The Gulf Stream bringing strong storms into the region

The primary driving force of surface currents is

Convection currents in the atmosphere

How do atmospheric convection currents transfer heat?

They move hotter air from the equator toward the poles

They move hotter air towards the equator

They create thunderstorms on hot days

They keep the land and ocean temperatures in balance

Trade winds, westerlies, and easterlies ____

are portions of atmospheric convection cells close to the Earth’s surface

change direction during el Nino.

are winds that create cool sinking air

El Nino has global effects on which of the following?

Patterns of precipitation and temperature

bring nutrients from the ocean floor to surface

transport oxygen-rich surface water to depths

create unstable wind conditions

transport oxygen-rich surface water to depths

bring nutrients from the ocean floor to surface

create unstable wind conditions

Which of the following is the most important effect that currents have on earth systems?

changing the strength of the Coriolis effect

distributing minerals along the edges of ocean basins

moving warm, higher salinity water towards the equator

A large beaker is set up so that there is a very warm layer of red-dyed water is placed directly on top of a very cold layer of blue-dyed water. After a few minutes, what is most likely to happen to the water in the jar?

Not much would happen, things would stay pretty much the same.

The blue water would mix with the red water and all the water in the jar would turn purple.

The red layer would sink to the bottom and the blue layer would rise to the top.

The red water would move to one side and the blue water would move to the other side.

A large beaker is set up so that there is a very cold layer of blue-dyed water is placed directly on top of a very warm layer of red-dyed water. After a few minutes, what is most likely to happen to the water in the jar?

The blue water would mix with the red water and all the water in the jar would turn purple.

The blue layer would sink to the bottom and the red layer would rise to the top.

The red water would move to one side and the blue water would move to the other side.

Not much would happen, things would stay pretty much the same.

Imagine that a series of underwater volcanic eruptions created a mountain chain in the path of a deep ocean current. Which of the following would be a likely effect?

Deep water would move upwards bringing colder, nutrient-rich water towards the surface.

The deep ocean current would increase in speed.

Water above the landform would warm up due to an increase in ocean current speed.

Surface currents would increase in speed.

Which two measurements often indicate that upwelling is occurring? (Check two boxes)

Surface water temperature is colder

Surface water has a higher chlorophyll content

Surface water has a lower chlorophyll content

Surface water temperature is warmer

What are phytoplankton?

Photosynthesizing microscopic organisms that float in sea water.

Organisms that are the food that provides the foundation of the ecosystems of the ocean.

Includes organisms such as algae, diatoms, cyanobacteria, etc.

How does the Global Conveyor Belt affect the entire planet?

Circulates and connects the water of the world

Using the map below, explain why surface water temperatures are warmer along the Atlantic coast of the United States than along the Atlantic coast of northern Africa.

North Atlantic Ocean gyres circulate warmer water from equatorial regions northward along the east coast of the US and then when it turns and heads south, brings colder water to the coast of northern Africa.

North Pacific Ocean gyres circulate warmer water from equatorial regions northward along the east coast of the US and then when it turns and heads south, brings colder water to the coast of northern Africa.

North Atlantic Ocean gyres circulate colder water from equatorial regions northward along the east coast of the US and then when it turns and heads south, brings warmer water to the coast of northern Africa.

North Pacific Ocean gyres circulate colder water from equatorial regions northward along the east coast of the US and then when it turns and heads south, brings warmer water to the coast of northern Africa.

Which of these statements is true?

Currents can bring warmer or colder water from one climate to other regions in different climate zones, which influences the temperature of those regions.

The Gulf Stream brings warm water from the tropics northward.

If the Gulf Stream did not extend as far north as it currently does, then places like England would be much colder.

Which of these statements is true?

The uneven heating of Earth's surface by the Sun causes variations in the temperature of Earth's ocean water, which drives the movement of the currents.

Ocean currents redistribute heat from the equator towards the poles.

The uneven heating of Earth's atmosphere causes the atmosphere to circulate in convection cells, which help drive the surface currents of the ocean.

Chapter 3 Test

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42 Qs

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Chapter 3 Test

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Science

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Reid Harris

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42 questions

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cold, low salinity

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