USHC 7 Stimulus and Matching

“Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan…”

Source: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Address to Congress, December 8th 1941

1. What event is being described by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the above 1941 address to Congress?

• The passage of the Nuremberg laws in Nazi Germany

• The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

• The dropping of the atomic bomb on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

• The beginning of World War II in Europe

 

“Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan…”

Source: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Address to Congress, December 8th 1941

1. As a result of this event, the United States?

• Implemented the Hawley-Smoot tariff

• Entered World War II

• Experienced an economic depression

• Signed the Treaty of Versailles

1. What is the main idea of this cartoon?

• United States factories will not be able to manufacture military supplies in sufficient quantities.

• The federal government will most likely need to seize ownership of manufacturing plants.

• President Franklin D. Roosevelt expects other nations to supply the same amount of armaments as the United States.

• President Franklin D. Roosevelt is determined to supply the United States military and its allies with whatever it takes to defeat the Axis powers.

4. One major result of the production efforts described in the cartoon was that

• the high unemployment of the Great Depression was greatly reduced

• most companies that produced military supplies went out of business after the war

• critics claimed that President Franklin D. Roosevelt was abusing his treaty making power

• the military had difficulty enlisting soldiers because the men were working in the munitions factories

…We must be the great arsenal of democracy. For us this is an emergency as serious as war itself. We must apply ourselves to our task with the same resolution, the same sense of urgency, the same spirit of patriotism and sacrifice as we would show were we at war.…

Source: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, December 29 1940

5. In urging the United States to become the “arsenal of democracy,” President Franklin D. Roosevelt meant the nation should

• make its neutrality laws more restrictive

• create a military draft

• Provide war materials to Allied nations

• Send troops to Europe to fight in the war

…We must be the great arsenal of democracy. For us this is an emergency as serious as war itself. We must apply ourselves to our task with the same resolution, the same sense of urgency, the same spirit of patriotism and sacrifice as we would show were we at war.…

Source: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, December 29 1940

6. Based on this excerpt, what policy was President Roosevelt recommending in this speech?

• Passing the Atlantic Charter

• United States military intervention in Europe

• Lend-Lease and Cash and Carry

• Ratifying NATO

…We must be the great arsenal of democracy. For us this is an emergency as serious as war itself. We must apply ourselves to our task with the same resolution, the same sense of urgency, the same spirit of patriotism and sacrifice as we would show were we at war.…

Source: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, December 29 1940

7. Based on this excerpt, what was the intended purpose of President Roosevelt's speech?

• To convince Americans to remain neutral in World War II

• To gain support for New Deal Programs

• To ask Americans to enlist in the army for World War II

• To convince Americans to support their Allies in World War II

...I had then set up a committee of top men and had asked them to study with great care the implications the new weapons might have for us.  It was their recommendation that the bomb be used against the enemy as soon as it could be done. They recommended that it should be used without specific warning and against a target that would clearly show its devastating strength. I had realized, of course, that an atomic bomb explosion would inflict damage and casualties beyond imagination. On the other hand, the scientific advisers of the committee reported, "We can propose no technical demonstration likely to bring an end to the war; we see no acceptable alternative to direct military use." It was their conclusion that no technical demonstration they might propose, such as over a deserted island, would be likely to bring the war to an end. It had to be used against an enemy target.

Source: Harry Truman, Memoirs of Harry Truman: 1945 the Year of Decisions, 1955

8. According to Truman, which of these was most likely the result of the committee’s meeting?

• the decision to drop the Atom bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

• the decision to engage in an island hopping campaign in the Pacific

• dropping the Atom bomb on a deserted island in the Pacific

• the death of a great number of American soldiers.

...I had then set up a committee of top men and had asked them to study with great care the implications the new weapons might have for us.  It was their recommendation that the bomb be used against the enemy as soon as it could be done. They recommended that it should be used without specific warning and against a target that would clearly show its devastating strength. I had realized, of course, that an atomic bomb explosion would inflict damage and casualties beyond imagination. On the other hand, the scientific advisers of the committee reported, "We can propose no technical demonstration likely to bring an end to the war; we see no acceptable alternative to direct military use." It was their conclusion that no technical demonstration they might propose, such as over a deserted island, would be likely to bring the war to an end. It had to be used against an enemy target.

Source: Harry Truman, Memoirs of Harry Truman: 1945 the Year of Decisions, 1955

9. What incident led to the reaction depicted or described in the document above?

• Japan’s failure to surrender during the Summer of 1945

• the invasion of Berlin by the Soviet Army

• the allied troops landing at Normandy on D-Day

• Japan’s use of Kamikaze pilots during the war

10. These illustrations were used during World War II to encourage women to

• raise revenue by buying war bonds

• conserve household products to support the war effort

• donate food to help feed the Allied forces

• support the war effort by working in defense industries