ChestertonCC - Geo - A Level - urban hydrological cycle

What is evapotranspiration?

• The total amount of evaporation and transpiration happening in an area.

• The total amount of evaporation and through flow happening in an area.

• Water droplets (liquid) turning into water vapour (gas). Water droplets need to be heated for this to happen.

• Water leaving a plant through holes in leaves called 'stomata'. It becomes water vapour in the atmosphere.

What is infiltration?

• Water soaking into bedrock. It moves vertically from the soil into rock underneath.

• Some precipitation lands on natural or human surfaces above the ground, like leaves and roofs. It evaporates. is slowly pulled to the ground by gravity, or absorbed by the plant.

• Water soaking into soil. It moves vertically from the surface into soil.

• Water moving through soil. It moves mostly horizontally because of gravity and momentum.

What is surface runoff?

• Water moving through soil. It moves mostly horizontally because of gravity and momentum.

• Water moving through permeable bedrock. It moves mostly horizontally because of gravity and momentum.

• Water flowing on the ground. It might also be named 'overland flow' or, if it happens in a river, 'channel flow'.

• Water soaking into soil. It moves vertically from the surface into soil.

___ evapotranspiration happens in urban areas than rural areas.

The level of infiltration in urban areas is ___ than in rural areas.

There is ___ surface runoff in urban areas than rural areas.

Evapotranspiration is lower in urban areas than rural areas. Why?

• Urban areas have fewer plants.

• Precipitation is more likely to be intercepted by buildings.

• Precipitation landing on the surface will flow into drains.

• Urban areas have a lower average temperature than surrounding rural areas.

Less infiltration happens in urban areas compared to rural areas. Why?

• Urban areas have more impermeable surfaces like tarmac and concrete.

• Precipitation, once it lands on the ground, cannot soak into impermeable surfaces.

• Urban areas have more permeable surfaces like tarmac and concrete.

• Precipitation, once it lands on the ground, can soak into impermeable surfaces.

The amount of surface runoff in urban areas is greater than in rural areas. Why?

• Less infiltration

• More evapotranspiration

• More interception

• Less percolation

What is the name of Mr Moore's piece of slate.

• Steve

• Gary

• Scooby

• Keith