Homeostasis Regents

When a person is threatened, the pituitary gland releases a hormone that stimulates the adrenal glands to release stress hormones. These stress hormones can cause a temporary increase in heart rate. This is an example of

• an enzyme interaction

• a feedback mechanism

• an immune-system response

• an allergic reaction

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Anhidrosis is the inability to sweat normally. If the human body cannot sweat properly, it cannot cool itself, which is potentially harmful. Anhidrosis most directly interferes with

• a feedback mechanism that maintains homeostasis

• an immune system response to harmless antigens

• the synthesis of hormones in the circulatory system

• the enzymatic breakdown of water in cells

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Which statement is an example of a feedback mechanism in humans?

• An increase in the level of blood sugar results in the pancreas increasing the amount of insulin it secretes.

• Increased exposure to pathogenic bacteria results in an increase in the number of red blood cells produced.

• An increase in exercise results in a decrease in the rate of respiration.

• Increased muscle activity results in a decrease in heart rate.

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The diagram represents a feedback mechanism. The hormone referred to in this feedback mechanism is

• estrogen

• insulin

• progesterone

• testosterone

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The diagram below represents levels of glucose and insulin found within the bloodstream of a healthy person throughout the course of the day.

The increase in insulin levels following an increase in glucose levels in the blood can best be explained by

• insulin being released into the blood to digest glucose

• a feedback mechanism that regulates blood glucose levels

• an excess of glucose-stimulating guard cells

• a response of the immune system to lower excess blood glucose levels

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The pancreas produces one hormone that lowers blood sugar level and another that increases blood sugar level. The interaction of these two hormones most directly helps humans to

• maintain a balanced internal environment

• digest needed substances for other body organs

• dispose of wastes formed in other body organs

• increase the rate of cellular communication

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Feedback mechanisms are best described as processes that help

• homeostasis

• destroy hormones in the blood

• directly control muscle contraction in the leg

• keep body conditions near a normal, steady state

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When a person's level of physical activity changes, the circulatory system supplies body cells with amounts of nutrients and oxygen that are appropriate to sustain the new level of activity. This statement best illustrates the concept of

• pinocytosis

• homeostasis

• synthesis

• cyclosis

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Which term refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism?

• respiration

• metabolism

• regulation

• homeostasis

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During a race, the body temperature of a runner increases. The runner responds by perspiring, which lowers body temperature. This process is an example of

• maintenance of homeostasis

• an antigen-antibody reaction

• an acquired characteristic

• environmental factors affecting phenotype

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