Ap Evolution (evidence, genetic drift and HardyWein)

Which of these is a condition that must be met for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

• Extremely small population size

• No natural selection

• Gene flow

• Nonrandom mating

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

What does p stand for?

• Dominant allele

• Recessive allele

• Homozygous dominant

• Homozygous recessive

• Heterozygous

Which of the following is the equation that you use for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

• p² +2pq + q² = 1

• p² + q² = 1

• p³ + q³ = 1

• p³ + 3pq + q³ = 1

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NGSS.HS-LS4-3

In generation 1, the recessive allele has a frequency of 0.6, and in generation 40 the recessive phenotype has a frequency of 0.36. Is the population in Hardy-Weinberg?

• No, the frequency changed from one generation to another

• Yes, the frequency changed from one generation to another

• No, the frequency remained the same from one generation to another

• Yes, the frequency remained the same from one generation to another

What is natural selection?

• The process by which certain traits or characteristics become more or less common in a population over time, based on their ability to survive and reproduce in a given environment.

• The process by which organisms intentionally change their traits to better survive in their environment.

• The process by which species evolve into new species.

• The process by which individuals adapt to their environment over time.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

Explain how adaptations are related to natural selection.

• Adaptations are traits or characteristics that are determined by chance. Natural selection is the process by which individuals with the most offspring survive.

• Adaptations are traits or characteristics that help an organism survive and reproduce in its environment. Natural selection is the process by which individuals with advantageous adaptations are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation.

• Adaptations are traits or characteristics that are acquired during an organism's lifetime. Natural selection is the process by which individuals with the most offspring survive.

• Adaptations are traits or characteristics that are only found in humans. Natural selection is the process by which individuals with the most offspring survive.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

What is population genetics?

• The study of genetic variation within families.

• The study of genetic variation within individuals.

• The study of genetic variation within and between populations.

• The study of genetic variation within species.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

How does gene flow affect population genetics?

• Gene flow only introduces new genetic variations in small populations.

• Gene flow has no effect on genetic variations in populations.

• Gene flow increases genetic differentiation between populations.

• Gene flow introduces new genetic variations and reduces genetic differentiation between populations.

Define Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

• Genetic equilibrium in a population where allele frequencies remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.

• Genetic equilibrium in a population where allele frequencies are influenced by genetic drift.

• Genetic equilibrium in a population where allele frequencies are determined by natural selection.

• Genetic equilibrium in a population where allele frequencies change from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.

What are the five conditions required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

• Small population size, No migration, No mutation, Random mating, No natural selection

• Large population size, High migration rate, High mutation rate, Random mating, No natural selection

• Large population size, No migration, High mutation rate, Random mating, No natural selection

• Large population size, No migration, No mutation, Random mating, No natural selection