Bio-111 Exam 3 Chapter 6

Define Energy

• The amount of matter in an object
• The force exerted on an object
• The speed at which an object moves
• The ability to do work or cause change.

Mechanical Energy

• The sum of potential energy and kinetic energy. An energy converted from chemical energy used for activities.

• The sum of gravitational energy and kinetic energy
• The sum of thermal energy and kinetic energy
• The sum of electrical energy and kinetic energy

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NGSS.HS-PS3-3

Second Law of thermodynamics.

• Energy cannot be changed from one from to another with a loss of weight.

• Energy cannot be changed from one from to another with a loss of temperature.

• Energy cannot be changed from one from to another with a loss of usable energy. (Entropy)

• Energy cannot be changed from one from to another with a loss of pressure.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Explain why organisms need energy.

• To cause harm to other organisms.
• To create chaos in the environment.
• To waste resources and cause imbalance in ecosystems.
• To carry out essential life processes.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Discuss where organisms get their energy.

• Organisms get their energy from the air they breathe.
• Organisms get their energy from various sources such as food, sunlight, or chemical reactions.
• Organisms get their energy from sleeping.
• Organisms get their energy from exercise.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Name the ultimate energy source that all life is dependent upon.

• Moon
• Wind
• Sun
• Water

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

 Distinguish between kinetic energy and potential energy.

• Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its shape, while potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its texture.
• Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its size, while potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its weight.
• Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion, while potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position or state.
• Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its temperature, while potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its color.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-2

  Distinguish between chemical energy and mechanical energy.

• Chemical energy is produced by the movement of electrons, while mechanical energy is produced by the movement of atoms.
• Chemical energy is a form of potential energy, while mechanical energy is a form of kinetic energy.
• Chemical energy is stored in the form of sound waves, while mechanical energy is due to motion or position.
• Chemical energy is stored in bonds, while mechanical energy is due to motion or position.

State the form of energy that food represents.

• thermal energy
• kinetic energy
• nuclear energy
• chemical potential energy

State the two laws of thermodynamics.

• The law of gravity and the law of motion.
• The law of supply and demand and the law of conservation of energy.
• The law of attraction and the law of relativity.
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can change from one form to another and energy cannot change forms without losing usable energy.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4