Bio Midterm Review

Which statement summarizes the relationship between DNA, proteins, and amino acids?

• The DNA molecule is a protein formed by amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds.

• The type of protein that composes DNA codes for the twenty different amino acids.

• The sequence of amino acids in DNA determines the type of protein formed during protein

  synthesis.

• The sequence of nucleotides in DNA codes for specific amino acids which bond to form proteins.

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What factor determines the original shape of a protein?

• the amount of DNA in the nucleus

• the amount of ATP available in the cell

• the location of the protein inside the cell

• the amino acid sequence in the protein

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Paramecia are common one-celled protists that can be found in lakes, ponds, and rivers all over the United States.

The hair-like structures surrounding the paramecium that are used for locomotion are called

• flagella
• tentacles
• pseudopods
• cilia

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The image shows an amoeba, a unicellular organism commonly found in pond water.

The outer portions of the amoeba that are used for survival, capturing food, and maintaining homeostasis, are called what?

• nucleus
• pseudopodia
• flagella
• cell wall

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Why are your muscles sore after a workout?

• Lack of hydration
• Too much rest between sets
• build-up of lactic acid when they run out of O₂

• Not stretching before the workout

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What is the fuel commonly used to provide the energy for cellular respiration?

• oxygen
• glucose
• water
• carbon dioxide

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Which describes the difference between aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration?

• Aerobic respiration is completed in the presence of oxygen, while

  anaerobic is not.

• Anaerobic respiration is only found in animals, while aerobic is

  never found in animals.

• Aerobic respiration is only found in animals, while anaerobic is

  never found in animals.

• Anaerobic respiration is completed in the presence of oxygen, while

  aerobic is not.

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The freshwater plant, Elodea , produces bubbles when placed in direct light. What is occurring?

• Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of photosynthesis.

• Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of cellular respiration.

• Bubbles of oxygen were produced as a result of cellular respiration.

• Bubbles of carbon dioxide were produced as a result of photosynthesis.

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Which word equation best represents the process of cellular respiration?

• carbon dioxide + glucose → oxygen + water

• carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

• glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

• oxygen + water → carbon dioxide + glucose

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Enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical reactions. In the diagram, which represents a catalyst?

• W

• X

• Y

• WX

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