Why was the Code of Hammurabi so significant?

It made sure the laws were written down so citizens knew their rights and were protected.

It helped strengthen government power.

It gave different types of punishments for different groups of people.

It made sure that every legal trial was given a jury of people to decide guilt or innocence.

If a law is made governing what age and for how many years a child should attend school, what type of law is this?

Statutory Law, because it was made by Congress.

Common Law, because it came from a body of law created by judges.

Constitutional law, because it helps interpret something in the Constitution.

Case Law, because it came from a previous court decision.

What is something that Criminal Trials and Civil Trials have in common?

Two or more parties are opposing each other.

The defendant could possibly go to prison at the end of the trial.

The parties have a disagreement about property damage.

Each party believes that a law was broken.

What is the purpose of a jury in the U.S. legal system?

To hear evidence and provide a decision of guilt or innocence based on the evidence.

To hear evidence and decide what the punishment should be.

To hear evidence and try to come up with solutions to the problem.

To hear evidence and decide if there should be a trial.

Which type of case could be heard in both a State Supreme Court and the U.S. Supreme Court?

A case involving an issue having to do with the Constitution.

A case involving a driver running a stop sign.

A case involving a dispute over someone plagiarizing their published work.

A case involving an international treaty with another country.

Which of these is a Constitutional issue and would fall under Constitutional Law?

A student was suspended from school because they criticized their school in a TikTok video.

A United States Air Force pilot flew into another country's airspace without permission.

A customer fell down the stairs at a store because they weren't paying attention.

A person was arrested for breaking into his neighbor's house and stealing all of his spoons.

The Code of Hammurabi was the first law code in history to:

Treat a person a "innocent until proven guilty."

Treat a person as "guilty until proven innocent."

Treat a person as a Citizen of an empire.

Treat a person as their own judge and jury.

If a new law make something illegal, you cannot get in trouble for doing that thing before it became a law. This is known as:

Ex Post Facto ("After The Fact")

Habeas Corpus ("Bring Me The Body")

Pro Bono Publico ("For the Public Good")

Amicus Curiae ("Friend of the Court")

What was one big reason Hammurabi's code was significant?

It was the first written code of law.

It was the first law code to forbid the Quartering of Soldiers in your home.

It was the first law code to introduce the idea of "No Self-Incrimination."

It wasn't written anywhere, so people had to guess what the law was.

What is the only type of trial where an attorney will be provided for you if you can't afford one?

Criminal Law (or Criminal Trial)

What is the job of a jury?

To hear evidence and make an unbiased decision.

To decide what a defendant's punishment should be.

To decide if laws are unconstitutional.

To defend the defendant from State prosecution.

Who is the "Defendant" in a trial?

The person who is being accused.

The sheriff on duty in the court room.

The party who is bringing the accusation against someone else.

In a court case, who is the "Plaintiff?"

The party who is bringing the accusation against someone else.

The person chosen to be the leader of the jury.

American Legal System

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What is the earliest known written code of law?

In which document was the King of England forced to adopt laws made by the people? This document limited the King's power.

What do we call a universal set of moral principles believed to come from humans' basic sense of right and wrong?

What do we call the body of laws (meaning, all the laws) passed by Congress or a state legislature?

What do we call the body of laws (meaning, all the laws) that are based on previous legal decisions and customs? These were all created by judges.

What do we call the body of laws (meaning, all the laws) that are based on the outcome of previous court cases?

What is another name for a law made by a group of legislators?

What is a decision made by a court that serves as an example or guide for future decisions?

This type of law concerns relationships between private parties where no crime has been committed?

Which type of law defines crimes, provides punishment for criminal acts, and regulates the conduct of individuals?

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