Fast and the Curious: A country transformed

1.

Which was the most significant problem faced by native-born Americans who migrated from rural to urban areas during the late 1800s and early 1900s?

• • shortage of unskilled jobs

• • ethnic and religious discrimination

• • lack of family and community supp

• • difficulty of safely traveling long distances

Which person would most likely have opposed civil-service reform?

• • a politician who wanted to appeal to newly naturalized citizens

• • a business owner whose profits were largely based on government contracts

• • a social activist who wanted the government to improve social welfare services

• • a government worker who had received his job because of support for a political machine

Which factor most contributed to the urbanization of the United States during the first half of the 1900s?

• • mechanization of agriculture

• • successes of the labor movement

• • availability of low-cost housing in cities

• • improvements in trade relations with nations overseas

Which groups provided the strongest support for the Democratic Party during the late 1800s and early 1900s?

• • Catholics and new immigrants

• • nativists and reform-oriented Protestants

• • African Americans and other minorities

• • business leaders and middle-class workers

Which statement best explains how the breakup of political machines affected immigrants?

• • It lowered restrictions and qualifications on their employment.

• • It gave them greater access to government services.

• • It provided them with more economic opportunities.

• • It reduced their power and involvement in public policy-making.

Which invention directly led to the growth of skyscrapers in the United States?

• • the elevator

• • the steam engine

• • the underground sewer system

• • the electric streetcar

Which statement best describes how urban life differed from rural life in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

• • Cities were less dangerous and generally cleaner, but they were much more crowded.

• • Cities were less sanitary, but they provided greater economic and cultural opportunities.

• • Cities were less expensive to live in, but the factory jobs they provided paid lower wages.

• • Cities were less exciting, but they allowed for the creation of more tightly knit communities.

The industrialization of the U.S. economy during the late 1800s led to

• A.

• • a decrease in farm outputs of crops and dairy products

• • a decrease in voter turnout in national elections

• • an increase in the population of rural communities

• • an increase in the gap between rich and poor citizens

Which person would have been most likely to move to a northern U.S. city in the late 1800s?

• • an African American seeking to escape discriminatory Jim Crow laws

• • a debt-burdened farmer looking for a new start on cheap land

• • a cowboy looking for work opportunities on a cattle ranch

• • an Irish worker coping with illnesses caused by air pollution

Which statement best explains the relationship between industrialization and urbanization in the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s?

• • The process of industrialization depleted urban areas of natural resources and reduced their populations as a result.

• • Workers were drawn to industrial areas in the cities, increasing both urbanization and industrialization at the same time.

• • The process of urbanization made it more difficult for cities to support large factories that polluted the air and water.

• • Workers were drawn away from cities and to the industrial countryside, increasing industrialization while decreasing urbanization.