Macromolecules Section 1 Review

Macromolecules are made of subunits called monomers. What are the monomers of proteins called?

• nucleic acids
• monosaccharides
• amino acids
• fatty acids

Enzymes can act as organic catalysts in living things. How do enzymes affect reactions rates in cells?

• They slow down cellular reactions by inhibition
• They speed up cellular reactions by providing a site for substrates to react
• They speed up cellular reactions by providing energy to the reactants
• They slow down cellular reactions by lowering the reaction temperature

Which macromolecule has a structure made up of monomers similar to the one shown above?

• nucleic acid
• proteins
• carbohydrates
• fatty acids

Which two of the following are made up of nucleotides?

• DNA
• RNA
• steroid hormone
• polysaccharide
• triglyceride

An enzyme called carbonic anhydrase is found in red blood cells. The enzyme catalyzes the decomposition reaction of H2CO3 into products of H2O and CO2. Which molecule represents the substrate in this catalyzed reaction?

• carbonic anhydrase
• H2CO3
• H2O
• red blood cells

Cellulose is classified as which of the following?

• a polysaccharide
• an amino acid
• a nucleic acid
• a steroid

Amino acids can undergo dehydration synthesis reactions to form larger molecules called?

• polysaccharide
• triglyceride
• nucleotide
• polypeptide

Carbohydrates and lipids share which two of the following characteristics?

• contain nitrogen
• dissolve in water
• form hormones
• used for energy
• contain primarily carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Protein in the stomach is partially digested with the help of the enzyme pepsin. In the intestines, the enzyme trypsin further breaks down the protein. Trypsin likely breaks down protein into which of these components?

• amino acid
• nucleic acids
• fatty acids
• monosaccharides

Lipids are found in all cell membranes. What is the main function of lipids found in cell membranes?

• They build tissues such as bone and muscle
• They provide a selectively permeable structure for movement of materials
• They act as catalysts for cellular reactions
• They break down worn out cell parts and remove waste materials from cell