Psychology Module 5 Review

Babies who are ________ tend to elicit more sensitive and affectionate care from their parents than babies who lack these attributes.

• easygoing and attractive

• identical twins

• first-born children

• premature or low-birthweight

Risky behavior may be due, in part, to an underdeveloped part of the adolescent brain that controls ________.

• the ability accurately read facial expressions

• self-regulation

• logic

• rewards

To study development researchers want to know how changes in thinking occur. When a change is gradual, linear, and quantitative, such as a child’s height, development is considered to be:

• continuous

• discontinuous

• staged

• Unstaged

What do information processing theories focus on?

• emphasizing how other people and the attitudes, values, and beliefs of the surrounding culture influence children’s development

• development that occurs through a sequence of discontinuous stages: the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages

• describing development that occurs sequentially and discontinuously that allows for strict quantitative measures when observing changes

• describing the cognitive processes that underlie thinking at any one age and cognitive growth over time

Eight-month old Jonathan was left by his mother at the baby-sitter's place. The minute his mother left and he could not see her, Jonathan started to cry. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development which concept would explain Jonathan's behavior?

• egocentrism

• conservation

• object permanence

• Transformation

Adam is upset that his twin brother Ryan has two pieces of pie while he only has one. His Mom rightly states that it’s the same amount of pie it’s just that Ryan’s piece fell apart into two pieces as it was transferred onto the plate. Still not satisfied, Adam begins to throw a temper tantrum. In a moment of desperation, Adam’s Mom cuts his piece in half saying: “There, Adam, now you have two pieces!” This worked. Adam is now happy. What Piagetian Stage is Adam in?

• sensorimotor

• preoperational

• concrete operational

• formal operational

If a boy believed that the only variable that affected the distance a ball traveled when thrown was the force with which it was thrown and then conducted a biased “experiment” that proved his assumption which developmental phenomenon according to Piaget is involved?

• object permanence

• conservation

• concrete operations

• formal operations

Davina attends school regularly and has made great strides in her understanding of material in her science classes. Being able to reason more like a mature adult, Davina is in which of Piaget’s developmental stages?

• concrete operational

• formal operational

• sensorimotor

• Preoperational

_____________ emphasizes how other people and the attitudes, values, and beliefs of the surrounding culture, influence children’s development.

• Piaget’s stage theory

• Information processing theory

• Conservation operations theory

• Sociocultural theory

In classical conditioning, the response is _____­___ by a stimulus that comes ________it.

• blocked; before

• blocked; after

• elicited; before

• elicited; after