Microbes and Humans

What are some examples of infectious diseases caused by microbes?

• Food poisoning, allergies, asthma

• COVID-19, influenza, tuberculosis, malaria, HIV/AIDS

• Common cold, chickenpox, strep throat

• Heart disease, diabetes, cancer

How does the immune system respond to microbial infections?

• The immune system only responds to viral infections.

• The immune system recognizes pathogens and mounts an immune response to eliminate them.

• The immune system does not respond to microbial infections.

• The immune system responds by promoting the growth of pathogens.

What is antibiotic resistance and how do microbes develop it?

• Antibiotic resistance is a myth and does not exist.

• Microbes develop antibiotic resistance through exposure to sunlight.

• Antibiotic resistance is the ability of microbes to resist the effects of antibiotics, which they develop through genetic mutations or acquiring resistance genes from other bacteria.

• Antibiotic resistance is caused by a lack of proper hygiene practices.

What role do microbes play in the gut microbiome?

• Microbes aid in digestion, produce vitamins, regulate the immune system, and prevent harmful bacteria from growing.

• Microbes are only found in the gut microbiome of unhealthy individuals.

• Microbes have no role in the gut microbiome.

• Microbes cause digestive problems and diseases.

Name a bacterial infection that can be transmitted through food.

• Salmonella

• Staphylococcus

• Listeria

• E. coli

How do viruses cause diseases in humans?

• Viruses cause diseases by altering the DNA of human cells.

• Viruses release toxins that directly damage human cells.

• Viruses spread through the bloodstream and attack vital organs.

• Viruses invade and replicate within host cells, causing cell damage and triggering an immune response.

What are some ways to prevent the spread of infectious diseases?

• Practicing good hygiene, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and getting vaccinated.

• Eating a healthy diet will protect you from all infectious diseases.

• Wearing a mask is the only effective way to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

• Infectious diseases can be cured by taking antibiotics.

What are the potential consequences of antibiotic misuse?

• Decreased risk of infections, improved immune system, reduced healthcare costs

• Decreased risk of antibiotic resistance, improved drug effectiveness, reduced healthcare costs

• Decreased risk of adverse drug reactions, improved immune system, reduced healthcare costs

• Antibiotic resistance, increased risk of infections, adverse drug reactions, and increased healthcare costs.

How does the gut microbiome influence human health?

• The gut microbiome influences human health through digestion, nutrient absorption, immune system regulation, and protection against pathogens.

• The gut microbiome is only important for infants and has no impact on adults.

• The gut microbiome only affects mental health, not physical health.

• The gut microbiome has no impact on human health.

What are some strategies to promote a healthy gut microbiome?

• Consume a diverse range of plant-based foods, incorporate probiotics and fermented foods, reduce stress levels, get regular exercise, and avoid excessive use of antibiotics.

• Avoid all fermented foods and probiotics

• Take antibiotics regularly

• Consume a high-fat diet and avoid fiber