Cell communication and enzyme quiz

What organelle would be found in EUKARYOTIC cells but not PROKARYOTIC cells?

• chromosomes

• nucleoid

• smooth endoplasmic reticulum

• ribosomes

______ is the sum total of all chemical reactions occurring in a system at any given time.

• Catabolism

• Anabolism

• Metabolism

_____ _____ _____ allow ions to enter or leave a cell after the ligand signal is received and the change in protein shape occurs, opening the channel.

• gated ion channel

• ligand channel

• channel protein

• charge activated channel

​ ​ (a)   are the breaking down of complex molecules to simpler forms, whereas, ​ (b)   are the building of complex molecules from simpler forms.

• Catabolic reactions
• anabolic reactions

______ is defined as the interconnections of signal transduction pathways.

• Conjecture

• Crosswalk

• Crosstalk

• Cross-speak

__ refers to how some enzymes change shape when they bind to their substrate, thereby altering the shape of the active site.

• Irregular fit

• Induced fit

• Enzyme fit

• Substrate fit

​ (a)   consume free energy, whereas, ​ (b)   release free energy.

• Endergonic reactions
• Exergonic reactions

​ (a)   refers to hydrolyzing ATP to ADP in donating a phosphate group to a molecule which would gain some energy.

• Phosphorylation
• Condensation
• Catabolism

__ is the amount of energy required to start a reaction.

​ Catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions, and most biological systems utilize ​ ___ as catalysts so reactions can take place.

• enzymes
• carbohydrates

• entropy

• enthalpy