The origins of continuous improvement can be traced back to the lean manufacturing techniques developed by Fujifilm in the 1950s.

• True

• False

What is the literal meaning of word Kaizen?

In CI culture, Kaizen started to mean...

• a concept/approach referring to activities that continuously improve all functions and involve all employees starting from CEO to specialists. It involves making small, incremental changes to achieve significant improvements over time.

• an activity of raising ideas forced by managers to employees

• a concept/approach referring to activities that continuously improve raw production only

• a concept/approach referring to activities that continuously improve all functions, but involve only high levels of organization

One of the main focus of Continuous Improvement is to eliminate...

• Waste

• Employees

• Controls

• Processes

Which of the following is not one of the 7 + 1 commonly recognized "wastes" that organizations aim to eliminate in their pursuit of continuous improvement?

• Overproduction

• Motion

• Transportation

• Instructions

A software development team completes a project, but upon testing, they discover numerous programming bugs and issues. These defects require additional time and effort to fix, delaying the project's release. Which type of waste does this scenario represent?

It refers to any redundant effort in production or communication that does not add value to a product or service. It includes endless product or process refinement, excessive information, redundant reviews and approvals, not knowing if they are really needed.

Which type of waste is it?

• Waiting

• Over-processing

• Over production

• Defects

A corporation produces monthly financial reports that include numerous data points and analytics. However, most of the reports are never reviewed or utilized by decision-makers. These reports consume significant time and resources to create but do not contribute to better financial decision-making or analysis.

Which type of waste does this situation represent?

• Overproduction

• Waiting

• Transportation

• Defects

Some types of process steps might be considered excessive and at first seem like waste.

However, they cannot be eliminated and should remain as a part of process.

Such step can be...

• Waiting for confirmation

• Follow up emails

• Additional manual input due to missing info in the system

• Extra control for audit purposes

Thinking about the cycle of an idea, what does PDCA mean?

• Progressive Development and Continuous Assessment

• Pick, Decide, Control, Achieve

• Plan, Do, Check, Act

• Process Design and Continuous Adjustment