Schema Theory Quiz 2

What is a schema?

• A mental representation that organizes our knowledge, beliefs, and expectations

• A process of memory that transfers information from sensory organs to internal mental structures

• A reflection of an object or an event in the mind

• A process of memory that extracts information from the long-term store when needed

How do schemas influence memory?

• Schemas only influence memory retrieval, not encoding

• Schemas only influence memory encoding, not retrieval

• Schemas can influence memory at all stages, both encoding and retrieval

• Schemas have no impact on memory

What did the study by Bransford and Johnson (1972) demonstrate?

• A visual context provided prior to reading a text passage doubles the rate of recall of ideas from that passage

• A change in perspective when recalling a text passage results in better recall of the idea units contained in the passage

• Schemas about someone's socio-economic status influence how that person's behavior will be interpreted

• Scripts can be used to fill in the gaps in memory of sequential events

What did the study by Anderson and Pichert (1978) demonstrate?

• A visual context provided prior to reading a text passage doubles the rate of recall of ideas from that passage

• A change in perspective when recalling a text passage results in better recall of the idea units contained in the passage

• Schemas about someone's socio-economic status influence how that person's behavior will be interpreted

• Scripts can be used to fill in the gaps in memory of sequential events

What are social schemas?

• Mental representations about groups of people that create the foundation for stereotypes

• Mental representations about sequences of events that enable us to make sense of sequential data

• Generalized representations of ourselves

• Mental representations that organize our knowledge, beliefs, and expectations

What did the study by Darley and Gross (1983) demonstrate?

• A visual context provided prior to reading a text passage doubles the rate of recall of ideas from that passage

• A change in perspective when recalling a text passage results in better recall of the idea units contained in the passage

• Schemas about someone's socio-economic status influence how that person's behavior will be interpreted

• Scripts can be used to fill in the gaps in memory of sequential events

In the study by Bransford and Johnson (1972), which condition resulted in the best comprehension and recall of the passage?

• No context (1)

• No context (2)

• Context before

• Context after

In the study by Anderson and Pichert (1978), what was the effect of changing perspective on information recall?

• No effect on information recall

• Decreased information recall

• Increased information recall

• Changed the type of information recalled

What did the study by Darley and Gross (1983) show about the influence of social schemas?

• Social schemas have no influence on interpretation of ambiguous social information

• Social schemas influence interpretation of ambiguous social information

• Social schemas only influence interpretation of non-ambiguous social information

• Social schemas only influence interpretation of positive social information

According to Aaron Beck's cognitive theory of depression, what is the driving factor behind the development of depression?

• Social schemas

• Scripts

• Self-schemas

• Schemas about someone's socio-economic status