CS2: Unit 2 Week 3 (Weather)

Match the following vocabulary and definitions:

• how wind currents curve around Earth

• land breeze

• cooler air moves ashore (daytime)

• Coriolis effect

• the condition of the atmosphere now

• Jet Stream

• wind moving from land to ocean (night)

• weather

• high-altitude fast-moving wind current

• sea breeze

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Some air movement in the atmosphere is local, with wind blowing over a short distance. The diagram below shows one pattern of local air movement in the atmosphere.

Which of the following statements best explains the movement of the air shown in the diagram?

• A sea breeze forms at night because the ocean cools off faster than the land.

• A land breeze forms at night because the ocean cools off faster than the land.

• A sea breeze forms during the day because the land warms up faster than the ocean.

• A land breeze forms during the day because the ocean warms up faster than the land.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Energy is needed to start global winds moving through the atmosphere. Which of the following is the source of energy that causes global winds?

• the sun

• local winds

• warm oceans

• ocean currents

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Areas along coastlines, such as Florida, often do not experience winters as severe as areas inland – even though some of these coastal areas lie further north. Why do coastal areas tend to have more mild winter weather patterns?

• Cold ocean currents only flow east to west and cannot reach inland areas.

• Warm ocean currents only flow east to west and cannot reach inland areas.

• Cold ocean waters cool the air above them, the cool air flows over coastal areas, but cannot reach the areas inland.

• Warm ocean waters heat the air above them, the warm air flows over coastal areas, but cannot reach areas inland.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

During a summer day on the beach, the sand on the beach and the air temperature feel hot, but the ocean water feels cold. At night, why would the ocean water be warmer than the air?

• As a cool breeze blows off the water onto the land, the water warms up.

• The heat from the air transfers to the water during the night, making the water warmer than it was during the day.

• Air changes temperature faster than water, so the water is warmer and the air is much cooler than it was during the day.

• Air stays warmer longer than water so your body is warm when you jump into the water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

El Niño is a weather event that causes great changes in weather worldwide. During an El Niño event, the polar jet stream shifts northward. Which change will an El Niño event most likely cause?

• colder temperatures in the southern United States

• drier than usual weather in the northern United States

• drier than usual weather in the southern United States

• warmer than usual temperatures in the northern United States

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Solar energy does not warm Earth’s surface evenly. For example, during the day, land areas warm up faster than nearby bodies of water. How does this uneven warming affect the movement of air over land and water?

• The cooler, denser air above the water flows toward the warmer, less dense air above the land, causing a sea breeze.

• The warmer, less dense air above the land flows toward the cooler, denser air above the water, causing a land breeze.

• The cooler air over the water would absorb water vapor and rise, resulting in rainy conditions over the shoreline.

• The warmer air over the land would transfer energy to the cooler air by conduction, leading to a uniform air temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6