Minimax Algorithm and Alpha-Beta Pruning

In which type of games is the Minimax algorithm commonly used?

• Cooperative games

• Zero-sum games

• Single-player puzzle games

• Real-time strategy games

What does Alpha-Beta Pruning help to reduce in the Minimax algorithm?

• The number of nodes evaluated

• The depth of the search tree

• The algorithm's complexity

• The memory usage

How does the Alpha-Beta Pruning algorithm decide whether to prune a branch or not?

• Based on the depth of the branch

• Based on the comparison between alpha and beta values

• Based on the number of nodes in the branch

• Based on the time elapsed since the search started

What does the term 'branching factor' refer to in a game tree?

• The number of possible moves from a given game state

• The depth of the tree

• The total number of nodes

• The number of terminal nodes

What is the main drawback of the basic Minimax algorithm?

• It requires human intervention.

• It is too fast and skips important calculations.

• It can be computationally expensive for large trees.

• It is too simple for any practical use.

In the context of adversarial search, what is a 'utility function'?

• A function that generates random moves

• A function that calculates the desirability of a states in a game tree with limited depth

• A function that connects to a utility server

• A function that minimizes utility costs

How does Alpha-Beta Pruning improve the efficiency of the Minimax algorithm?

• By using less memory

• By eliminating the need for a search tree

• By skipping the evaluation of certain branches

• By reducing the number of players in the game

A Tic-Tac-Toe board has 2 empty spaces left. What is the branching factor at this stage?

• 2

• 4

• 8

• 9

In a Minimax decision tree, if the depth of the tree is 4, and the branching factor is 2, how many leaf nodes are there?

• 8

• 16

• 32

• 64

During Alpha-Beta Pruning, if this is a maximizing level the alpha is 5 and a newly evaluated node has a value of 4, what happens to the alpha value?

• It stays the same.

• It changes to 4.

• It increases.

• It becomes undefined.