The Nitrogen Cycle, Acid Rain and Fossil Fuels

When burned, which fossil fuel will release the greatest amount of pollution into the air?

• Natural gas

• Petroleum

• Wood

• Coal

Identify the statement that is NOT true about acid rain.

• Acid rain can significantly lower the pH of soils and bodies of water with little buffering capacity.

• Acid rain causes eutrophication of ponds and lakes.

• Acid rain can cause the death of sensitive aquatic animals.

• Acid rain can lead to deforestation.

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Which of the following is NOT a source of nitrogen that is available to plants?

• Nitrogen oxides released into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels and organic matter

• Animal waste products

• Decaying plant matter

• Synthetic nitrogen containing fertilizers

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How is it possible to conclude that eutrophication of bodies of water has occured?

• By testing for level of acidity in water.

• By having a vibrant, productive aquatic ecosystems.

• By having massive algae blooms.

• By having greater species diversity in the water.

Identify the conversion which represents nitrification.

• Nitrate to nitrite to ammonia

• Nitrite to nitrate to ammonia

• Ammonia to nitrate to nitrite

• Ammonia to nitrite to nitrate

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Humans have a tremendous impact on the environment. What has caused an increase in the amount of acid rain?

• Coal-burning power plants

• Use of solar power cells

• Running hydroelectric dams

• Wind-powered turbines

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One major contributor to global warming is an increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. If the number of living plants significantly increased, --

• Global warming might get worse because of the increase in carbon dioxide caused by photosynthesis.

• Global warming might be reduced because of the decrease in carbon dioxide caused by photosynthesis.

• Global warming might get worse because of the increase in oxygen cause by photosynthesis.

• There will not be a noticeable impact on atmospheric greenhouse gases

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Use of agricultural fertilizers adds excess ________ to ecosystems and can cause eutrophication of waters

• Phosphorus

• Nitrogen

• Carbon

• Phosphorus and Nitrogen

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Organisms contain nitrogen (N₂) as part of amino acids, ATP, DNA, and RNA. The atmosphere is about 79% nitrogen, but most organisms cannot use nitrogen in its atmospheric form. How is atmospheric nitrogen made available for use?

• Plants absorb nitrogen after it is changed to useable compounds by the radiant energy of the Sun

• Rainwater dissolves the nitrogen gas in the air and makes it available to plants and animals

• Humans have special enzymes in their lungs to make nitrogen gas useable

• Bacteria change nitrogen gas to useable compounds that can be absorbed by plants

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What is the only process that removes carbon from the atmosphere?

• combustion

• cellular respiration

• photosynthesis

• decomposition

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