DNA Structure, Function, and Discovery

DNA is made up of repeating units called

• nucleotides
• carbohydrates
• proteins
• amino acids

The sugar found in DNA is called

• fructose
• glucose
• ribose
• deoxyribose

List the 4 possible nitrogen bases found in DNA in the boxes:

• A, T, G, C
• A, T, G, U
• A, T, C, G
• A, G, T, C

What is a codon (i.e., AAT, TCC, GGC)?

• A codon is a type of fish found in the Atlantic Ocean.
• A codon is a type of computer programming language.
• A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid or serves as a start or stop signal for protein synthesis.
• A codon is a unit of currency used in some countries.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

How does DNA serve as a genetic code? What does it code for?

• DNA codes for neurotransmitters and hormones.
• DNA codes for vitamins and minerals.
• DNA codes for proteins and gene expression.
• DNA codes for carbohydrates and lipids.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Circle the appropriate word or phase found in the brackets to complete the sentence. DNA is a (circle one) [double I single ] stranded molecule. It is connected at the nitrogen bases by [ionic I hydrogen] bonds. The nitrogen bases are [ complementary I random] to each other. The two strands make up the [ triple backbone I double helix ].

• single, hydrogen, complementary, double helix
• random
• ionic
• double

Tags

112.42.c.7.A

The outer parts of the double helix make up the

• sugar-phosphate backbone
• base pairs
• nucleotides
• backbone

Which part of the DNA specifically codes for traits?

• chromosome
• gene
• protein
• enzyme

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

DNA provides the instructions for the physical characteristics of living things. This may include blood type (which is determined by proteins on the outside of red blood cells), eye color, bone structure, skin color, etc. How does the DNA within cells determine the traits of an organism? (Hint: proteins)

• Proteins
• Genes
• Enzymes
• Carbohydrates

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Fill in the boxes to put the following terms in the order that best explains the flow of physical characteristics from DNA to proteins: amino acids, DNA, peptide chain, RNA

• peptide chain, amino acids, RNA, DNA
• RNA, DNA, amino acids, peptide chain
• amino acids, peptide chain, RNA, DNA
• DNA, RNA, amino acids, peptide chain

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1