Quiz about Space Unit (Marking Period 1) Review

Question 1

Hubble's Law states that galaxies are moving away from us and the farther the galaxy the ____ it's moving.

Accepted Answer

faster

Answer

slower

Question 2

If you trace the galaxies' movement backwards, scientists believe they

Accepted Answer

come together at a point of singularity

Answer

spread out further

Answer

bounce around randomly

Question 3

What is the unit for distance on the graph? (Click on the graph to enlarge it.)

Accepted Answer

km/s

Answer

Mpc

Answer

km

Question 4

What is the unit for velocity on the graph? (Click on the graph to enlarge it.)

Accepted Answer

Mpc

Answer

km/s

Answer

km

Question 5

How fast should a galaxy be moving if it is located 25 Mpc away from Earth? (Click on the graph to enlarge it.)

Accepted Answer

14,000 km/s

Answer

10,000 km/s

Answer

18,000 km/s

Question 6

How far away from Earth is a galaxy that is moving at 4,000 km/s? (Click on the graph to enlarge it.)

Accepted Answer

7 mpc

Answer

2 mpc

Answer

4 mpc

Question 7

What is wrong with the title of this graph?

Accepted Answer

The title is not in the format: "How IV affects DV."

Answer

There is nothing wrong with this title.

Answer

The title is not in the format: "How DV affects IV."

Question 8

Which wavelength is longest on the visible light spectrum?

Accepted Answer

red

Answer

violet (blue)

Answer

orange

Answer

green

Question 9

Which shows objects that are moving AWAY from Earth using the Doppler Effect?

Accepted Answer

red-shifted

Answer

blue-shifted

Answer

yellow shifted

Question 10

As objects move AWAY from Earth, their apparent wavelength

Accepted Answer

spreads out and gets larger.

Answer

squeezes closer and gets smaller.

Answer

does not change.

Question 11

What happens as galaxies move away from Earth?

Accepted Answer

The apparent wavelength lengthens and shifts towards red.

Answer

The apparent wavelength shortens and shifts towards red.

Answer

The apparent wavelength lengthens and shifts towards blue.

Answer

The apparent wavelength shortens and shifts towards blue.

Question 12

Scientists hypothesized that the early universe would have been composed of 75% H, 25% He, and less than 1% Li. Upon close study they found:

Accepted Answer

This was almost exactly the amount actually there which supports the Big Bang Theory

Answer

This was almost exactly the amount actually there which does not support the Big Bang Theory

Answer

This was very different from the amount actually there which supports the Big Bang Theory

Answer

This was very different from the amount actually there which does not supports the Big Bang Theory

Question 13

Which element is NOT in this star?

Accepted Answer

helium

Answer

hydrogen

Answer

magnesium

Answer

calcium

Question 14

Electromagnetic waves transfer ____ from one place to another.

Accepted Answer

energy

Answer

matter

Answer

color

Answer

the speed of light

Question 15

Wavelengths with higher frequencies mean they have

Accepted Answer

greater energy.

Answer

less energy.

Question 16

All electromagnetic waves travel at

Accepted Answer

the speed of light.

Answer

the speed of sound.

Answer

the speed of a mechanical wave.

Question 17

This term describes the beginning of a star when it is just clouds of dust and gas (H and He).

Accepted Answer

Nebula

Answer

Protostar

Answer

Nuclear Fusion

Answer

Brown Dwarf

Answer

Main Sequence

Question 18

If the temperature in the protostar reaches 15 million degrees Celsius, this will happen and the star will start to glow.

Accepted Answer

Nuclear Fusion

Answer

Nebula

Answer

Protostar

Answer

Brown Dwarf

Answer

Main Sequence

Question 19

If nuclear fusion does NOT happen the star will become a

Accepted Answer

Brown Dwarf

Answer

Nebula

Answer

Protostar

Answer

Nuclear Fusion

Answer

Main Sequence

Question 20

A star spends most of its "life" here fusing Hydrogen into other elements. Eventually the Hydrogen will run out and the star will begin to "die."

Accepted Answer

Main Sequence

Answer

Nebula

Answer

Protostar

Answer

Nuclear Fusion

Answer

Brown Dwarf

Question 21

When H Hydrogen runs out, small mass stars will begin to shed their outer layers and swell into a

Accepted Answer

red giant.

Answer

red supergiant.

Answer

black hole.

Answer

white dwarf.

Answer

neutron star.

Question 22

In a small mas star, a red giant will become ____ when there is no fuel left to burn.

Accepted Answer

white dwarf

Answer

red giant

Answer

red supergiant

Answer

black hole

Answer

neutron star

Question 23

A large mass stars will become a ____ when the H (hydrogen) runs out.

Accepted Answer

red supergiant

Answer

red giant

Answer

black hole

Answer

white dwarf

Answer

neutron star

Question 24

When a red supergiant runs out of hydrogen, the huge iron core will collapse under its own weight creating a

Accepted Answer

supernova

Answer

red giant

Answer

red supergiant

Answer

black hole

Answer

neutron star

Question 25

Supernovas leave behind either a _____ or _______ (select 2)

Accepted Answer

black hole

Accepted Answer

neutron star

Answer

red giant

Answer

red supergiant

Answer

supernova

Question 26

Elements other than H, He, and Li can be created during the main sequence but only up to ___

Accepted Answer

Iron (26 protons)

Answer

Carbon (6 protons)

Answer

Neon (10 protons)

Answer

Oxygen (8 protons)

Question 27

Supernovas are such powerful blasts that many other nuclei are fused together forming elements from Fe (26 protons) through

Accepted Answer

Uranium (92 protons)

Answer

Bohrium (107 protons)

Answer

Ruthenium (44 protons)

Answer

All of them

Question 28

When two atoms come together and join nuclei under the perfect temperature and pressure _____ occurs.

Accepted Answer

fusion

Answer

fission

Question 29

When a single element splits its nuclei to become 2+ elements it's known as _______.

Accepted Answer

fission

Answer

fusion

Question 30

_______ ______ involves the release of an alpha particle (He [2 protons]). The atomic number decreases by 2.

Accepted Answer

Alpha Decay

Answer

Beta Decay

Answer

Gamma Decay

Question 31

______ ______releases an electron. When the electron is ejected one neutron TURNS INTO a proton. This increases the atomic number by 1 and changes the identity of the element.

Accepted Answer

Beta Decay

Answer

Alpha Decay

Answer

Gamma Decay

Question 32

__________ ___________ releases high energy photons.

Accepted Answer

Gamma Decay

Answer

Alpha Decay

Answer

Beta Decay

Question 33

Which type of decay can be blocked by clothing or paper?

Accepted Answer

Alpha Decay

Answer

Beta Decay

Answer

Gamma Decay

Question 34

What type of decay can be blocked using a thin sheet of metal?

Accepted Answer

Beta Decay

Answer

Alpha Decay

Answer

Gamma Decay

Question 35

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

During fusion the number of protons is conserved but the element is not.

Answer

During fusion the number of protons is not conserved but the element is.

Answer

During fusion the number of protons and the element is conserved.

Answer

During fusion the number of protons and the element are not conserved.

Question 36

What is the element creased by fusing He + He?

Accepted Answer

Be

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

N

Question 37

What is the element creased by fusing C + He?

Accepted Answer

O

Answer

F

Answer

N

Answer

Ne

Question 38

What element would Iron (Fe [26]) become if it went through alpha decay?

Accepted Answer

Cr [24]

Answer

Ni [28]

Answer

Mn [25]

Answer

Co [27]

Question 39

What element would Iron (Fe [26]) become if it went through Beta Decay?

Accepted Answer

Co [27]

Answer

Cr [24]

Answer

Ni [28]

Answer

Mn [25]

Answer

none of these - gamma decay releases photons (light)

Question 40

What element would Iron (Fe [26]) become if it went through Gamma Decay?

Accepted Answer

none of these - gamma decay releases photons (light)

Answer

Cr [24]

Answer

Ni [28]

Answer

Mn [25]

Answer

Co [27]

Question 41

Which type of energy is stronger: chemical or nuclear?

Accepted Answer

nuclear

Answer

chemical

Question 42

Energy due to motion is ____________ energy.

Accepted Answer

Kinetic

Answer

Potential

Answer

Energy

Answer

Friction

Question 43

__________ energy is stored energy.

Accepted Answer

Potential

Answer

Kinetic

Answer

None of the above

Answer

All of the above

Question 44

At which point is potential energy greatest?

Accepted Answer

W

Answer

X

Answer

Y

Answer

Z

Question 45

Heat is a measure of molecular motion. Faster molecular movement = hotter. Which energy form is this?

Accepted Answer

Thermal

Answer

Sound

Answer

Electrical

Answer

Mechanical

Answer

Electromagnetic

Question 46

Which energy form is described as the vibrations of energy through a substance?

Accepted Answer

Sound

Answer

Thermal

Answer

Electrical

Answer

Mechanical

Answer

Electromagnetic

Question 47

Which energy form is described as the movement of electrons as in lightning and electricity?

Accepted Answer

Electrical

Answer

Thermal

Answer

Sound

Answer

Mechanical

Answer

Electromagnetic

Question 48

Which energy form is described as the the energy of motion which is the movement of objects or substances from one place to another?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical

Answer

Thermal

Answer

Sound

Answer

Electrical

Answer

Electromagnetic

Question 49

Which energy form travels in waves and includes visible light, gamma rays, radio waves, and solar energy?

Accepted Answer

Electromagnetic

Answer

Thermal

Answer

Sound

Answer

Electrical

Answer

Mechanical

Question 50

Which energy form is stored in bonds of atoms and molecules such as fossil fuels, food, batteries, and matches?

Accepted Answer

Chemical

Answer

Nuclear

Answer

Stored Mechanical

Answer

Gravitational

Question 51

Which energy form is stored in the nucleus of an atom? It is the energy that holds the nucleus together as in the nucleus of a uranium atom, the Sun/stars.

Accepted Answer

Nuclear

Answer

Chemical

Answer

Stored Mechanical

Answer

Gravitational

Question 52

Which energy form is stored in objects by the application of a force? For example: compressed springs or elastic energy.

Accepted Answer

Stored Mechanical

Answer

Chemical

Answer

Nuclear

Answer

Gravitational

Question 53

Which energy form is described as energy of a place or position? For example: water in a reservoir behind a hydropower dam

Accepted Answer

Gravitational

Answer

Chemical

Answer

Nuclear

Answer

Stored Mechanical

Question 54

Which of the following elements is fuel for a star?

Accepted Answer

H

Answer

Be

Answer

C

Answer

O

Question 55

The fusion of hydrogen + hydrogen creates which of the following elements?

Accepted Answer

He

Answer

Li

Answer

H

Answer

Be

Question 56

True or False: Small mass stars (like our sun) have a longer lifespan than large mass stars.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 57

Which types of energy (From the diagram) reach the surface of Earth?

Accepted Answer

Radio

Accepted Answer

Visible light

Answer

X rays

Answer

Gamma Rasy

Question 58

As a star ages what happens the quantity (amount) of H and He?

Accepted Answer

The amount of H decreases as it fuses into larger elements such as He.

Answer

The amount of H increases as it fuses into larger elements such as He.

Question 59

Which process releases provides the most energy?

Accepted Answer

Fusion

Answer

Chemical

Answer

Fission

Question 60

How do we know that the sun's energy comes from fusion and not from chemical processes?

Accepted Answer

Chemical processes (such as a bonfire) are short lived and would not last as long as our sun has.

Accepted Answer

Flames need oxygen to burn and space has no oxygen so the sun must be using nuclear fusion.

Accepted Answer

Stars are made primarily of hydrogen and helium which are known to fuse under the correct temperature and pressure.

Question 61

What were the first three elements to form (even before stars appeared).

Accepted Answer

H

Accepted Answer

He

Accepted Answer

Li

Answer

Be

Question 62

Stars can create larger elements through fusion up through and including _____.

Accepted Answer

iron [26]

Answer

U [92]

Answer

Li [3]

Answer

O [8]

Question 63

Supernovas can create larger elements through fusion up through and including _____.

Accepted Answer

U [92]

Answer

iron [26]

Answer

Li [3]

Answer

O [8]

Question 64

Which of the following can be determined by looking at a star's electromagnetic waves through a spectrometer?

Accepted Answer

All of these

Answer

A star's composition (what's inside it)

Answer

Whether the star is moving towards or away from us

Answer

How far the star is from Earth

Space Unit (Marking Period 1) Review

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