Unit 1 Final Exam Review 2023

The illustration represents two different cells. Which of the following best identifies these two cells?

• Cell X is a prokaryotic cell and cell Y is a eukaryotic cell

• Cell X ia an archea cell and cell Y is a eubacteria cell.

• Cell X is a red blood cell and cell Y is a muscle cell

• Cell X is a plant cell and cell Y is an animal cell

Amino acids are the building blocks of which macromolecule?

In most organisms, macromolecules________ play a central role as the energy source. This macromolecule must be transformed in the body to produce the usable energy molecule ________. Interestingly, this energy molecule is a ________ type of macromolecule.

• carbohydrate, adenosine triphosphate, nucleic acid

• lipid, atropine tetraphosphate, protein

• protein, adenosine triphosphate, lipid

• carbohydrate, atropine triphosphate, protein

A substance that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(an)

• catalyst

• molecule

• lipid

• element

A sample of red blood cells are placed in an isotonic solution and viewed under a microscope. Then, sugar is added to the solution to create a hypertonic solution. The sample is then looked at under a microscope again. What happened to the red blood cells after the sugar was added to the solution?

• The red blood cells released water through osmosis using energy.

• The red blood cells absorbed water through osmosis using energy.

• The red blood cells released water through osmosis without the use of energy.

• The red blood cells absorbed water through osmosis without the use of energy.

Choose the best answer that describes the picture

• two nucleic acids are going to react in a dehydration synthesis reaction

• two amino acids are going to react in a dehydration synthesis reaction

• two nucleic acids are going to react in a hydrolysis reaction

• two amino acids are going to react in a hydrolysis reaction

All of the following are examples of lipids except

• saturated fats

• starch

• cholesterol

• earwax

Which two elements are always found in amino acids?

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Which substance is not part of a nucleotide?

• phosphate

• base

• sugar

• water

Which is the best description of activation energy?

• Heat added to initiate a reaction.

• Heat released as the reaction proceeds

• Heat stored within the reactant molecules

• Heat stored within the product molecules.