Unit 1B Science

Two coyotes that are the same weight are running across the snow. Which of these is true?

• The coyote that is running the slowest has the most energy of motion.
• The coyote that is running the fastest has the most energy of motion.
• The coyote that is in front definitely has more energy of motion.
• The coyotes have the same energy of motion, even if they are running at different speeds.

Jacob sees a soccer ball sitting on the playground. He kicks the ball to make it move. What does the ball need to have so it can move?

• a motor
• smooth surface
• round shape
• energy

Dana's car breaks down on a flat road. She has to move the car back to a service station. Dana pushes the car, and it moves slowly at first. The car moves faster as Dana pushes harder. What happens to the energy of the car as it moves faster?

• There is no relationship between the energy of the car and its speed.
• The energy of the car remains the same as its speed increases.
• The energy of the car increases as its speed increases.
• The energy of the car decreases as its speed increases.

Waylon built two tracks for his car. The tracks had different slopes. The picture below shows the two tracks. The red lines on the tracks show how far the car traveled. Why did Waylon's car go farther after traveling down slope 2?

• The car had more speed and energy at the bottom of slope 2.
• The car had less speed and energy at the bottom of slope 2.
• The car had more speed but less energy at the bottom of slope 2.
• The car had less speed but more energy at the bottom of slope 2.

Wayne and his family are designing a passive solar heater to keep their barn warm in the winter. A passive solar heater converts light energy into heat energy. What is the most important information for Wayne and his family to consider in their design?

• the location of the electrical outlets in the barn
• the location of the Sun in the winter
• the amount of sound created by the energy conversion
• the amount of energy stored in the Sun

George is playing his electric keyboard, and his friend Tonya can hear the song he is playing. Which statement describes the flow of energy through the keyboard as George plays?

• Electrical energy changes into sound energy.
• Light energy changes into electrical energy.
• Heat energy changes into sound energy.
• Sound energy changes into electrical energy.

Sandy bought a lamp to put in the corner of her living room. After she plugged the lamp into the outlet, she turned on the light switch and the bulb glowed. What statement explains what happened to the energy in the lamp?

• The light energy from the outlet became electrical energy in the lamp.
• The light energy from the lamp became electrical energy in the outlet.
• The electrical energy from the outlet became light energy in the lamp.
• The electrical energy from the lamp became light energy in the outlet.

Select each correct answer. More than one answer may be correct. Lola placed a flask of room-temperature water over a flame. When the water started to boil, she placed a room-temperature copper rod into the flask. During the experiment, Lola wrote the four notes shown below in her lab journal. Which notes are observations supporting the idea that energy can be transferred from one place to another?

• The flask containing the boiling water was made of glass.
• The temperature of the water went up when it was over the flame.
• After five minutes in the flask, the end of the copper rod was hot to the touch.
• It was harder to see through the water when it was boiling.

A bird flew and landed on its swing. When the bird "hit" the swing, the swing began to move back and forth. What happened when the bird landed on the swing?

• The swing's energy and the bird's energy each stayed the same.
• Energy was transferred from the air to the swing.
• Some of the bird's energy was transferred to the swing.
• The swing and the bird gained energy.

Mitchell dropped a basketball and watched it bounce a few times. It bounced highest the first time. The next time, it did not move as fast or bounce as high. What happened to some of the ball's energy?

• It was transferred to Mitchell.
• It was changed into light.
• It was changed into heat.
• It disappeared.