Unit 5 Test Review AI

Which of the following situations would NOT initiate succession in an ecosystem?

• Retreating glaciers

• Formation of a new volcanic island

• Annual rainfall

• Exposure of new rock surfaces

Ethan, Liam, and Zoe are observing a forest that was once a barren land. This transformation of the barren land into a forest over time is an example of -

• Ecological succession

• Passing down of advantageous traits to offspring

• An organism's ability to survive an environmental change

• The creation of a new species within an ecosystem

Forest fires can have various effects on the ecosystem. Which of the following is NOT a positive effect of forest fires?

• Enhancing the growth of certain plant species by releasing nutrients into the soil.

• Creating a habitat for various animal species by clearing out dead vegetation.

• Increasing the risk of soil erosion and landslides due to the removal of vegetation.

• Stimulating the germination of fire-adapted plant species through exposure to heat.

Luna, Mia, and Grace are studying different environments for their science project. They noticed that some environments have a small variety of plants and animal species, while others have a large variety. According to their study, which environment will most likely be sustainable?

• An environment like a desert, with a small variety of plants and animal species

• An environment like a rainforest, with a large variety of plant and animal species

• An environment like a grassland, with many plant species but with only a few animal species

• An environment like a tundra, with many animal species but with only a few plant species

Elijah, Luna, and Evelyn are studying the impact of plant diversity on the sustainability of a city park. How might a wide variety of plants affect the park's sustainability?

• The more types of plants there are, the more competition for resources will take place, decreasing the park's likelihood of survival.

• If disease strikes, the plants will all be affected and likely die, decreasing the park's likelihood of survival.

• The more types of plants there are, the more nutrients will be in the soil, increasing the park's likelihood of survival.

• If disease strikes, only some types of plants will be affected, increasing the park's likelihood of survival.

The image below illustrates two different ecosystems, J and k. Based on the image, which ecosystem is more likely to maintain its stability over time?

• Ecosystem J, because the variety of plants present are not a food source for other animals

• Ecosystem J, because each organism obtains the resources it needs to survive in unique ways

• Ecosystem K, because the presence of a single plant species will deter invasive plants from damaging the ecosystem

• Ecosystem K, because the majority of water in the soil remains near the surface due to the small root systems of the plants

In a forest ecosystem, various species of trees, insects, shrubs, and animals interact. What would be the impact on the forest ecosystem's sustainability if the biodiversity of the forest decreased?

• The sustainability of the forest ecosystem would decrease because there would be fewer interactions between different species.

• The sustainability of the forest ecosystem would increase because there would be fewer interactions between different species.

• The sustainability of the forest ecosystem would increase because there would be more interactions between different species.

• The sustainability of the forest ecosystem would decrease because there would be more interactions between different species.

How does biodiversity contribute to the stability of an ecosystem?

• By increasing the competition for resources within the ecosystem.

• By decreasing the competition for resources within the ecosystem.

• By improving the ecosystem's ability to adapt to environmental changes.

• By limiting the ecosystem's ability to adapt to environmental changes.

Humans rely on the environment for various resources. Which of the following is NOT an example gathering resources in a sustainable way?

• Humans hunting a limited number of fish in a lake where other species also rely on the fish.

• Humans removing all the honey from a beehive, leaving none for the bees.

• Humans gathering herbs for medicinal purposes from a forest where the herbs are abundant.

• Humans cutting down a few trees in a forest that is home to a variety of tree species.

Consider the two ecosystems shown in the image below. Which ecosystem is more likely to be sustainable?

• Ecosystem X, because it has more plants than animals, implying infinite resources

• Ecosystem Y, because it has more animals than plants, which means the land will endure longer

• Ecosystem X, because it has fewer species to support

• Ecosystem Y, because its high biodiversity offers a broad range of food choices for organisms