Nervous System Video

What are the two general regions of the nervous system?

• Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

• Somatic Nervous System (SNS) and Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Answer explanation

The question asks about the two general regions of the nervous system. The correct answer is the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). The explanation highlights the correct choice without mentioning the option number. It states that the nervous system is divided into the CNS and PNS, without using the word 'query' but referring to it as a 'question'. The explanation is within the limit of 75 words.

Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and movement coordination?

• Cerebellum

• Pons

Answer explanation

The cerebellum, located in the brain, is responsible for balance and movement coordination. It plays a crucial role in maintaining posture and coordinating voluntary movements. This part of the brain ensures smooth and accurate movements by receiving information from various sensory systems and sending signals to the motor areas of the brain. The cerebellum is not only involved in motor control but also contributes to cognitive functions such as attention, language, and learning. It is an essential structure for maintaining overall body coordination and balance.

What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?

• Coordinate signals with the rest of the brain

• Activate the fight or flight response

Answer explanation

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for activating the fight or flight response. It coordinates signals with the rest of the brain to prepare the body for action in response to a perceived threat or danger. This response includes increased heart rate, heightened senses, and the release of stress hormones. The sympathetic nervous system plays a crucial role in survival and helps individuals respond quickly and effectively to potential threats.

Which cell type in the nervous system helps maintain the blood-brain barrier?

• Axons

• Glial cells

Answer explanation

The blood-brain barrier is maintained by glial cells in the nervous system. These cells play a crucial role in preventing harmful substances from entering the brain. Axons, on the other hand, are responsible for transmitting signals between neurons. Therefore, the correct choice is glial cells, as they help maintain the blood-brain barrier.

What is the resting potential of a neuron?

• More positive than its surroundings

• More negative than its surroundings

Answer explanation

The resting potential of a neuron refers to its electrical charge when it is not transmitting signals. In this case, the resting potential is more negative than its surroundings. This means that the inside of the neuron has a higher concentration of negative ions compared to the outside. This difference in charge allows the neuron to generate and transmit electrical impulses when stimulated. The resting potential is an important aspect of the neuron's ability to communicate and function properly.

What happens during depolarization in an action potential?

• Sodium (Na+) floods inside the axon

• Potassium (K+) concentration increases inside the cell

Answer explanation

During depolarization in an action potential, sodium (Na+) floods inside the axon. This influx of sodium ions causes the inside of the cell to become more positively charged, leading to the generation of an electrical impulse. The increase in sodium concentration inside the axon is a crucial step in the propagation of the action potential along the neuron. It is important to note that depolarization is specific to sodium ions and not potassium ions. The movement of sodium ions is responsible for the initial phase of the action potential.

What is the purpose of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

• To carry signals between neurons

• To regulate blood pressure and heart rate

Answer explanation

Neurotransmitters are molecules that carry signals between neurons in the nervous system. They play a crucial role in transmitting information and facilitating communication between nerve cells. These molecules are responsible for transmitting signals across synapses, allowing for the transmission of electrical impulses from one neuron to another. Neurotransmitters are essential for various functions in the nervous system, including regulating mood, memory, and muscle movement. They do not regulate blood pressure and heart rate, as mentioned in the options. The purpose of neurotransmitters is to carry signals between neurons, enabling the proper functioning of the nervous system.

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the rest and digest response?

• Somatic nervous system

• Parasympathetic system

Answer explanation

The parasympathetic system, a division of the autonomic nervous system, is responsible for the rest and digest response. It helps the body relax and conserve energy. This system is not to be confused with the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements. The correct choice is the parasympathetic system.

What is the main function of glial cells in the nervous system?

• To support and assist neurons

• To generate action potentials

Answer explanation

The main function of glial cells in the nervous system is to support and assist neurons. They provide structural support, regulate the extracellular environment, and help in the formation of synapses. Glial cells also play a role in the repair and regeneration of neurons. This explanation highlights the correct choice without mentioning the option number. It is important to note that the question asks for the main function of glial cells, and the correct answer is to support and assist neurons.

What is the term for the space between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released?

• Dendrite

• Synapse

Answer explanation

The space between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released is called the synapse. This is where communication occurs between neurons, allowing signals to be transmitted from one neuron to another. The synapse plays a crucial role in the functioning of the nervous system, facilitating the transmission of information and enabling various physiological processes. It is important to understand the concept of the synapse in order to comprehend how neurons communicate and how the brain and nervous system function.