Rock Transformations

________moves rock down, below Earth’s outer layer

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

_______moves rock upward toward Earth’s surface.

When sediment is compacted and cemented together, it forms ________________ rock.

When magma cools, it hardens to form ________________ rock

________ forms when any type of rock is melted, a process driven by energy from Earth’s interior.

Sediment forms when any type of rock is ______________, a process driven by energy from the sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

. Sandra takes a class field trip to a geology museum. She sees an interesting sample of igneous rock. She wonders if the material in this rock sample could have come from a sedimentary rock formation at Earth’s surface millions of years ago. Is this possible? Can sedimentary rock change into igneous rock?

• No, igneous rock can only form out of other igneous rock. Sedimentary rock cannot change into igneous rock.

• Yes, if sedimentary rock is moved below Earth’s outer layer and exposed to energy from Earth’s interior, it can melt into liquid rock and form igneous rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Jamila’s class took a field trip to a geology museum. The tour guide was passing around some samples from the rock collection, and Jamila observed that two of the rock samples were different types of rock. How could energy have played a role in the different rock types forming?

• Energy from different sources leads to different types of rock. Energy inside Earth melts rock into liquid rock, but energy from the sun causes rock to weather into small pieces of rock.

• Energy caused one rock type to form, but not the other. Rock that forms because of energy is a different type of rock than rock that forms without energy.

• Energy changes rock on different continents in different ways. Each continent on Earth has different rock that might form liquid rock or small rock pieces when exposed to energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

On the island of Hawaii, Keanu notices that the sand on the beach is black, the same color as the rock formations on the island. Keanu realizes the sand used to be part of the rock formations. How did material from the rock formations turn into sand?

• Rays from the sun shone down on the rock, and it broke into pieces

• The sand was formed by earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters. These disasters were strong enough to break the rock into small pieces

• Wind and rain interacted with the rock, breaking it into small pieces.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

On vacation at a lake, Saira’s mom sees an interesting-looking rock formation. Saira just learned about rocks in geology class and tells her mom that the formation is made of gneiss, a type of metamorphic rock. How did this metamorphic rock form?

• It melted and cooled.

• It was heated and put under pressure

• It broke into sediment and then compacted