Crash Course World History: The Crusades

What were the Crusades?

• A series of military expeditions from Europe to the Eastern coast of the Mediterranean

• A religious war between Europe and Islam

• An early example of European colonization of the Middle East

• A pilgrimage to holy shrines

What was the initial reason for the Crusades?

• To protect Christians making pilgrimages to the Holy Land

• To establish Christian kingdoms in the Middle East

• To unite Europe against a common enemy

• To spread Christianity to the Islamic world

Who called for the first official crusade?

• Pope Urban II

• King Richard the Lionheart

• Sultan Saladin

• Emperor Alexius III

What was the main goal of the Crusaders?

• To liberate Jerusalem

• To conquer Egypt

• To convert Muslims to Christianity

• To establish European colonies in the Middle East

Which city did the Crusaders successfully capture during the First Crusade?

• Jerusalem

• Antioch

• Damascus

• Constantinople

Who was the famous Islamic general who led the defense against the Crusaders?

• Saladin

• Sultan Mehmed II

• Suleiman the Magnificent

• Harun al-Rashid

What was the outcome of the Third Crusade?

• The Crusaders successfully took Jerusalem

• The Crusaders failed to take Jerusalem

• The Crusaders conquered Egypt

• The Crusaders established European colonies in the Middle East

What happened during the Fourth Crusade?

• The Crusaders successfully captured Jerusalem

• The Crusaders sacked Constantinople

• The Crusaders were defeated by the Turks

• The Crusaders converted to Islam

What impact did the Crusades have on the Byzantine Empire?

• The Crusades strengthened the Byzantine Empire

• The Crusades weakened the Byzantine Empire

• The Byzantine Empire remained unaffected by the Crusades

• The Byzantine Empire collapsed after the Crusades

What is the significance of studying the Crusades?

• To understand the medieval world and the motivations of the Crusaders

• To learn about the superior intellectual accomplishments of the Islamic world

• To analyze the political in-fighting among European nobles

• To promote the idea of religious wars