DNA Fingerprinting

Which male is the father of this child?

• Male 1

• Male 2

• Neither could be the father.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which two bear species are most closely related?

• Bear 1 and Bear 2

• Bear 1 and Bear 3

• Bear 2 and Bear 3

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

Based on these results, whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?

• Bob

• Sue

• John

• Lisa

Which suspect's DNA was found at the crime scene?

• Suspect #1

• Suspect #2

• Suspect #3

The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel

electrophoresis results is shown below. Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?

• They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.

• They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.

• They have the correct child, because her genetic information matches the genetic information from both parents.

• They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A hospital wants to identify the parents of a baby. Based on the DNA fingerprints, which couple is most likely the parents of the baby?

• Couple W

• Couple X

• Couple Y

• Couple Z

Answer explanation

Couple X is most likely the parents of the baby because their DNA fingerprints show the closest match to the baby's DNA, indicating a higher probability of biological relation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Pattern of DNA fragments obtained by examining a person's unique sequence of DNA pairs.

• DNA Fingerprint

• Allele

• Chromosome

Answer explanation

A DNA fingerprint is a unique pattern of DNA fragments that identifies an individual based on their specific DNA sequence. This distinguishes it from alleles and chromosomes, which are broader genetic concepts.

A molecule that cuts a DNA molecule at a specific, base sequence.

• Allele

• Restriction Enzyme

• DNA Probe

Answer explanation

A restriction enzyme is a protein that cuts DNA at specific sequences, making it essential for genetic engineering and molecular biology. Alleles are variants of genes, and DNA probes are used to detect specific sequences, not cut them.

Tandem repeats of short DNA sequences with varying numbers of repeats found among individuals.

• STR (Short Tandem Repeat)

• PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

• VNTR (Variable number of Tandem Repeats)

Answer explanation

STR (Short Tandem Repeat) refers to short DNA sequences that are repeated in tandem and vary in number among individuals, making it the correct choice for describing these genetic markers.

DNA fingerprinting works because

• Most genes are dominant

• All organisms contain RNA

• The most important genes are different among most people

• No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 

Answer explanation

DNA fingerprinting relies on the fact that no two individuals, except identical twins, have identical DNA. This uniqueness allows for accurate identification and comparison of genetic material among different people.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2