Philosophy 1st Quarter

the word “philosophy” comes from two Greek words, philo meaning

“_____” and sophia , meaning “_____”

• To love and wisdom

• knowledge and intelligence

• Theories and Ideas

• To acknowledge and Responsibilities

philosophers uses his natural capacity

to think or simply, human reason alone or the so-called unaided reason

• Natural Light of Reason

• Science

• Study of all things

sets the distinction between philosophy from

other sciences. A philosopher studies human beings, society, religion,

language, God and plants. The reason is that philosophy is not one

dimensional or partial. In short, he questions almost anything, if not

everything. It is multidimensional or holistic.

• Natural Light of Reason

• Science

• Study of all things

everything is its own being, and

not being is not being.

• Principle of Identity

• Principle of Non- Contradiction-

• Principle of Excluded Middle

• Principle of Sufficient Reason

it is impossible for a thing to be and not be at the same time and at the same respect.

• Principle of Identity

• Principle of Non- Contradiction-

• Principle of Excluded Middle

• Principle of Sufficient Reason

a thing is either is or is not; everything must be either be or not be; between

being and not-being, there is no middle ground possible.

• Principle of Identity

• Principle of Non- Contradiction-

• Principle of Excluded Middle

• Principle of Sufficient Reason

nothing exist without a

sufficient reasons for its being and existence.

• Principle of Identity

• Principle of Non- Contradiction-

• Principle of Excluded Middle

• Principle of Sufficient Reason

means “after physics”. The only extension of fundamental and necessary drive in every

human being to know what is real. To understand the world in terms of appearance and reality, we

try to make things comprehensible by simplifying or reducing

the mass of things we call appearance to a relatively fewer

number of things we call reality.

• Metaphysics

• Ethics

• Epistemology

• Logic

derived from the Greek term epistēmē, meaning “knowledge”. It deals with nature, sources, limitations and validity of knowledge. How we know what we claim to know; How can we find out what we wish to know; and How we can differentiate truth from falsehood.

• Metaphysics

• Ethics

• Epistemology

• Logic

logic comes from the Greek word logike and was coined by Zeno, the Stoic. Etymologically, it means a treatise on matters pertaining to the human thought. Reasoning is the concern of logician

• Metaphysics

• Ethics

• Epistemology

• Logic