AP Euro Chapter 16 Quiz

The discipline of natural philosophy focused on

• specific natural laws that governed all matter in the material universe

• fundamental questions about the nature, purpose, and function of the universe

• the application of ancient philosophy to theological questions

• theological principles that can be discovered in the study of nature

Johannes Kepler believed that the elliptical orbit of planets...

• caused each planet to move at a uniform speed

• demonstrated the presence of Satan's disruptive influence in the universe

• was interspersed with epicycles and deferents

• was precisely related to the distance from the sun

Soft Pastels, ornate interiors, and sentimental portraits are all characteristics of the style known as

• Classicalism

• Baroque

• Rococo

• Romanticism

Which statement describes the core concept of the Enlightenment

• The methods of natural science should be used to examine all aspects of life

• Understanding nature requires an equal balance of science and faith

• Human beings are inherently corrupt

• All of reality can be reduced to mind and matter

A striking feature of the salons was that

• Clerics were banned

• philosophes, nobles, and members of the upper middle class intermingled

• they were often sponsered by the government

• members of the working classes often attended

The enlightened absolutists, such as Frederick the Great of Prussia, Maria Theresa of Austria and Catherine the Great of Russia, all believed that...

• serfdom was holding their nation's development back

• monarchy was the best for of governance

• Jews should be emancipated from social restrictions

• the Austro-Hungarian Empire should be systematically dismembered

To improve the rural economy and the lives of peasants, Empress Maria Theresa of Austria

• increased church influence on the agricultural population.

• ordered the adoption of scientific farming techniques.

• abolished serfdom.

• reduced nobles’ power over their serfs.

After the development of the idea of "race," Europeans increasingly defined themselves in relation to other peoples as

• culturally superior as well as religiously superior.

• biologically superior as well as culturally superior.

• culturally superior rather than religiously superior.

• religiously superior rather than biologically superior.

Voltaire was a deist who viewed God as akin to a

• loving father who intervened when necessary in human affairs.

• clockmaker who set the universe in motion and then ceased to intervene in human affairs.

• king who required Christians to be intolerant of any who did not worship him correctly.

• farmer who carefully tended his crops from planting through harvest.

In his Essay Concerning Human Understanding, John Locke claimed that

• sovereign authority rests in the hands of the people.

• all people are born with certain ideas and ways of thinking.

• human development is determined by education and society.

• governments are formed by contracts among free individuals.