Prokaryotes v Eukaryotes Spring 25

non-coding sequences removed from primary transcript by splicing​ are called (a)   and are mostly relevant to ​ (b)  

• introns
• exons
• 5' UTR
• 3' UTR
• eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

RNA polymerase(s) bind to these regions of the DNA template that are not transcribed ​ (a)   and are mostly relevant to ​ (b)  

• promoters
• introns
• 5' cap
• Shine-Dalgarno sequence
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• eukaryotes

A ​ (a)   is involved in translation initiation; binds translation initiation factors and recruits ribosomal subunit, added to 5' end of primary transcripts and is mostly relevant to ​ (b)  

• 5' cap
• eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• transcriptional activator proteins
• poly-A tail

​ (a)   involved in translation initiation; complementary sequence is found of the 3' end of the 16S RNA in small ribosomal subunit and is mostly relevant to ​ (b)  

• Shine-Dalgarno sequence
• Okazaki fragments
• promoters
• prokaryotes
• eukaryotes
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

​ (a)   bind enhancers and form a protein bridge to increase the rate of transcription and are most relevant to ​ (b)  

• Transcriptional activator proteins
• eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• promoters
• shine-dalgarno sequences

A ​ (a)   refers to multiple ribosomes translating an mRNA molecule simultaneously and is most relevant to ​ (b)   .

• polyribosome
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• eukaryotes
• poly-A tail
• polycistron

​ (a)   are segments of DNA formed during replication (they make up the lagging strand) and are most relevant to ​ (b)  

• Okazaki fragments
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• eukaryotes
• exons
• introns

​ (a)   is the direct product of transcription before processing and is most relevant to ​ (b)  

• Pre-mRNA
• eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• mRNA
• tRNA

A ​ (a)   is the complex that removes introns from pre-mRNA and is most relevant to ​ (b)  

• spliceosome
• eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• transcriptional activator protein
• promoter

The ​ (a)   is the transcribed region before the start codon or after the stop codon (does not get translated) and is most relevant to ​ (b)  

• UTR
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• eukaryotes
• exon
• intron