AS Level - Chapter 3: Hardware

high speed memory external to processor which stores data which the processor will need again.

• Memory cache
• Random access memory (RAM)
• Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
• Read-only memory (ROM)

primary memory unit that can be written to and read from.

• Random access memory (RAM)
• Memory cache
• Read-only memory (ROM)
• Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

primary memory unit that can only be read from.

• Read-only memory (ROM)
• Random access memory (RAM)
• Memory cache
• Static RAM (SRAM)

type of RAM chip that needs to be constantly refreshed.

• Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
• Read-only memory (ROM)
• Static RAM

• Memory cache

type of RAM chip that uses flip-flops and does not need refreshing.

• Static RAM (SRAM)
• Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
• Read-only memory (ROM)
• Random access memory (RAM)

A process that refers to the requirement of charging a component to retain its electronic state.

• Refreshed
• Static RAM (SRAM)
• Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
• Read-only memory (ROM)

type of ROM chip that can be programmed once.

• Programmable ROM (PROM)
• Erasable PROM (EPROM)

• Static RAM (SRAM)
• Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

type of ROM that can be programmed more than once using ultraviolet (UV) light.

• Erasable PROM (EPROM)
• Programmable ROM (PROM)
• Refreshed
• Static RAM (SRAM)

type of magnetic storage device that uses spinning disks.

• Hard disk drive (HDD)
• CD/DVD

• Programmable ROM (PROM)
• Refreshed

the lag in a system; for example, the time to find a track on a hard disk, which depends on the time taken for the disk to rotate around to its read-write head.

• Latency
• Disk trashing

• trash point

• Programmable ROM (PROM)