U.N forces invaded Iraq in a military effort known as "Operation Desert Storm" because nations feared

• Iraq's leader Saddam Hussein planned to invade Saudi Arabia

• Iraq's leader Saddam Hussein threatened to join forces with Iran

• Iraq's leader Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait was an attempt to control oil in the Persian Gulf

• Iraq's leader Saddam Hussein was working with Al Qaeda to develop biological weapons of mass destruction

Which of the following was NOT an effect of the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire?

• Sunnis and Shias were grouped in Iraq, leading to conflict

• Britain and France created boarders that MINIMIZED conflict between religious and ethnic groups

• The Kurds were divided into areas of Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Syria

• Britian and France created boarders in the Middle East that had not previously existed

Since the creation of Israel in 1948

• there have been ongoing conflicts between Israel and the Arab world

• the nations of the Middle East have worked together peacefully

• Israel has helped the nations in the region from democratic governments

• the United Nations has acted as the central government in the region

The split into Sunni and Shia divisions of Islam can be traced to

• a loss of territory to religious rebels in Arabia

• a dispute over the succession of Muhammad's wives

• the reluctance of kings to submit to the will of Islam

• a dispute over the question of Muhammad's successor (next in line to rule)

Countries which boarder the Persian Gulf such as Kuwait have very limited fresh water supplies. Many are forced to search for water from other sources like

• pumping water from the Black Sea through an overland pipeline

• Desalinization of salt water from the Persian Gulf

• Importing water using the same ships that transport oil

• Refining petroleum oil into drinking water

"His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country."

-Arthur James Balfour, 1917

What name was the movement commonly known which worked for the establishment of this national home?

• Autonomism

• Zionism

• Resettlementism

• Diaspora

What was the primary purpose of the Mandate System following WWI

• To create a Jewish state in the Middle East

• To divide former Ottoman and German territories among the Allied Powers

• to help prepare India for eventual independence from the British rule

• to create an Islamic and Hindu state in southern Asia

What was the primary goal of the United States and its allies in the Persian Gulf War in 1991?

• Disrupt the Al Qaeda terrorist network

• Open shipping lanes for oil tankers

• End the rule of the Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein

• Liberate Kuwait from Iraqi forces

In economic terms, what is a trade barrier?

• a natural, geographic block to trade

• anything that restricts the amount of trade

• a location where international trade takes place

• something that encourages free trade

Iran is unique in the Middle East because its official religion is

• Judaism

• Shia Islam

• Sunni Islam

• Christianity